Habibi Asgarabad Mojtaba, Vahabi Zahra, Cheung Ho Nam, Ahmadi Reza, Akbarpour Samaneh, Sadeghian Mohammad Hossein, Etesam Farnaz
Department of Psychology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
Department of Geriatric Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Ziaeian Hospital, Tehran, Iran.
Front Psychiatry. 2024 Apr 18;15:1337317. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2024.1337317. eCollection 2024.
Perceived social support (PSS) plays a considerable role in mental health. The Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS) is one of the most widely used scales, leading to much research evidence. The present study investigated its measurement model, equivalence across gender (male and female) and age groups (older patients= above 60 and non-older patients= below 60), and concurrent validity.
A cross-sectional survey was conducted between March and October 2020, on patients hospitalized due to COVID-19 in Tehran, Iran. The scales were administered to 328 COVID-19 patients (54.6% male, aged 21 to 92) from two general hospitals; participants completed MSPSS (including friends, family, and significant others subscales), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI, include sleep latency, subjective sleep quality, habitual sleep efficiency, sleep duration, use of sleep medication, daytime dysfunction, and sleep disturbances subscales), and the Perceived Stress Scale-10 (PSS-10, to assess patients' appraisal of stressful conditions).
The MSPSS three-factor structure was confirmed among COVID-19 patients by Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA). The results support the MSPSS internal consistency and configural, metric, and scalar invariance across gender and age groups. Nevertheless, small but significant differences were found across ages based on the latent factor mean of the MSPSS from friends, with a lower mean level in older patients. The coefficients of Cronbach's alpha (ranging from.92 to.96), the ordinal theta (ranging from.95 to.98), and Omega (ranging from.93 to.97) suggested high internal consistency of MSPSS. The concurrent validity of MSPSS was evidenced by its significant negative correlation with PSS-10 (τ = -.13, p <.01) and also subjective sleep quality (τ = -.22, p <.01), sleep disturbances (τ = -.26, p <.001), and daytime dysfunction (τ = -.26, p <.001).
The MSPSS was valid and reliable for measuring individuals' perception of social support between males and females and older and non-older COVID-19 patients.
感知社会支持（PSS）在心理健康中起着相当重要的作用。多维感知社会支持量表（MSPSS）是使用最广泛的量表之一，产生了大量的研究证据。本研究调查了其测量模型、性别（男性和女性）与年龄组（老年患者=60岁以上，非老年患者=60岁以下）之间的等效性以及同时效度。
于2020年3月至10月对伊朗德黑兰因新冠肺炎住院的患者进行了横断面调查。对来自两家综合医院的328名新冠肺炎患者（54.6%为男性，年龄在21至92岁之间）施测了相关量表；参与者完成了MSPSS（包括朋友、家人和重要他人分量表）、匹兹堡睡眠质量指数（PSQI，包括入睡潜伏期、主观睡眠质量、习惯性睡眠效率、睡眠时间、助眠药物使用、日间功能障碍和睡眠障碍分量表）以及感知压力量表-10（PSS-10，用于评估患者对压力状况的评估）。
通过验证性因子分析（CFA）在新冠肺炎患者中证实了MSPSS的三因素结构。结果支持MSPSS在性别和年龄组中的内部一致性以及构型、度量和标量不变性。然而，基于朋友MSPSS潜在因子均值，各年龄组之间存在微小但显著的差异，老年患者的均值水平较低。克朗巴赫α系数（范围从0.92至0.96）、有序θ系数（范围从0.95至0.98）和欧米茄系数（范围从0.93至0.97）表明MSPSS具有较高的内部一致性。MSPSS的同时效度通过其与PSS-10（τ = -0.13，p < 0.01）以及主观睡眠质量（τ = -0.22，p < 0.01）、睡眠障碍（τ = -0.26，p < 0.001）和日间功能障碍（τ = -0.26，p < 0.001）的显著负相关得到证明。
MSPSS对于测量男性和女性以及老年和非老年新冠肺炎患者对社会支持的感知是有效且可靠的。
