Worku Kassahun Misgana, Araya Dawit, Tesfa Habtie, Birru Eshetie Melese, Hailu Asrat, Aemero Mulugeta
Department of Medical Laboratory Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Arba Minch University, Arba Minch, Ethiopia.
Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, College of Health Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.
Medicine (Baltimore). 2024 May 3;103(18):e38039. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000038039.
As a result of increasing drug resistance, crossover resistance development, prolonged therapy, and the absence of different agents with innovative methods for implementation, the efficacy of recent antileishmanial medications is severely declining. So, it is vital to look for other medications from botanical remedies that have antileishmanial activity. The latex of Euphorbia abyssinica (E abyssinica) and the leaves of Clematis simensis fresen (C simensis) were macerated in methanol (80%). In vitro antileishmanial activity of the preparation was tried on promastigotes of Leishmania aethiopica (L aethiopica) and Leishmania donovani (L donovani) using resazurin assay, and fluorescence intensity was measured. One percent of dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) and media as negative control and amphotericin B as positive control were used. Additionally, hemolytic & phytochemical tests of the preparation were done. The mean and standard errors of each extract were evaluated and interpreted for statistical significance using one-way analysis of variance. From sigmoidal dose-response curves of % inhibition, half maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) values were determined by GraphPad Prism and Microsoft Excel; outcomes were presented as mean ± standard error of mean of triplicate trials. P < .05 was statistical significance. The phytochemical screening of C simensis and E abyssinica confirmed the existence of steroids, phenols, tannins, saponins, alkaloids, terpenoids, flavonoids and glycosides. C simensis possesses antileishmanial activity with IC50 outcomes of 46.12 ± 0.03 and 8.18 ± 0.10 µg/mL on the promastigotes of L aethiopica and L donovani, respectively. However, E abyssinica showed stronger activity with IC50 outcomes of 16.07 ± 0.05 µg/mL and 4.82 ± 0.07 µg/mL on L aethiopica and L donovani, respectively. C simensis and E abyssinica have a less hemolytic effect on human red blood cells at low concentrations. The outcomes from this investigation demonstrated that the preparation of C simensis and E abyssinica indicated significant antileishmanial activity. Therefore, further in vivo assessment of antileishmanial, cytotoxicity activity and quantitative identification of secondary metabolites are highly recommended.
由于耐药性增加、交叉耐药性发展、治疗时间延长以及缺乏采用创新方法的不同药物，近期抗利什曼原虫药物的疗效正在严重下降。因此，从具有抗利什曼原虫活性的植物疗法中寻找其他药物至关重要。将阿比西尼亚大戟（E abyssinica）的乳胶和锡金铁线莲（C simensis）的叶子在甲醇（80%）中浸软。使用刃天青测定法对埃塞俄比亚利什曼原虫（L aethiopica）和杜氏利什曼原虫（L donovani）的前鞭毛体进行该制剂的体外抗利什曼原虫活性试验，并测量荧光强度。使用1%的二甲基亚砜（DMSO）和培养基作为阴性对照，两性霉素B作为阳性对照。此外，还对该制剂进行了溶血和植物化学测试。使用单因素方差分析评估并解释每种提取物的平均值和标准误差的统计学意义。根据抑制率的S形剂量反应曲线，通过GraphPad Prism和Microsoft Excel确定半数最大抑制浓度（IC50）值；结果以三次重复试验的平均值±平均标准误差表示。P < 0.05具有统计学意义。对C simensis和E abyssinica的植物化学筛选证实了类固醇、酚类、单宁、皂苷、生物碱、萜类、黄酮类和糖苷的存在。C simensis对埃塞俄比亚利什曼原虫和杜氏利什曼原虫前鞭毛体具有抗利什曼原虫活性，IC50值分别为46.12±0.03和8.18±0.10μg/mL。然而，E abyssinica表现出更强的活性，对埃塞俄比亚利什曼原虫和杜氏利什曼原虫的IC50值分别为16.07±0.05μg/mL和4.82±0.07μg/mL。C simensis和E abyssinica在低浓度下对人红细胞的溶血作用较小。本次研究结果表明，C simensis和E abyssinica制剂具有显著的抗利什曼原虫活性。因此，强烈建议进一步进行抗利什曼原虫活性、细胞毒性活性的体内评估以及次生代谢产物的定量鉴定。
