Boman Björn
Stockholm University, 114 19, Stockholm, Sweden.
Integr Psychol Behav Sci. 2024 Dec;58(4):1300-1316. doi: 10.1007/s12124-024-09842-y. Epub 2024 May 4.
The vast literature on personality psychology generally focuses on neutral or socially beneficial personality traits such as the Five-Factor model (e.g., agreeableness, conscientiousness) or "dark" traits such as Machiavellianism, narcissism, psychopathy, and everyday sadism. However, the current synthesis of the literature indicates that the distinction between benign, malign, and neutral personality traits and facets is partly misguided. In fact, there are many objective and subjective measures that indicate that high agreeableness is not beneficial, while moderate grandiose narcissism is. Many, if not all of the traits are rather gray and socially and personally desired outcomes indicate that people who aim for a well-rounded personality should typically be clustered in the middle of the various personality spectrums. In addition, many of the personality traits are characterized by parallel patterns of good/bad relations to social and personal outcomes.
关于人格心理学的大量文献通常聚焦于中性或对社会有益的人格特质，如大五人格模型（例如宜人性、尽责性），或“黑暗”特质，如马基雅维利主义、自恋、精神病态和日常施虐倾向。然而，当前对文献的综合分析表明，良性、恶性和中性人格特质及方面之间的区分在一定程度上存在误导。事实上，有许多客观和主观的衡量标准表明，高度宜人性并无益处，而适度的夸大性自恋则有益处。许多（如果不是所有的）特质都相当模糊，社会和个人期望的结果表明，追求全面人格的人通常应处于各种人格谱系的中间位置。此外，许多人格特质的特点是与社会和个人结果存在好坏并行的关系模式。
