Hainan Branch, Shanghai Children's Medical Center, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Sanya 572022, China; Public Health department, Tongren Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Xianxia Road, No.1111, Shanghai 200336, China; School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No.227. South Chongqing Road, Shanghai 200025, China.
School of Public Health, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, No.227. South Chongqing Road, Shanghai 200025, China.
Prev Med. 2024 Jul;184:107985. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2024.107985. Epub 2024 May 3.
This observational study examined the factors associated with the physical activity (PA) of children and adolescents outside of school within the framework of Problem Behavior Theory (PBT).
This cross-sectional study obtained data from 6528 children and adolescents aged 6-16 years recruited from ten schools in Shanghai, China. The questionnaire measured out-of-school PA and PBT-based correlates. A series of multiple linear regressions were used to explore the factors influencing children and adolescents' out-of-school PA separately. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to explore the association between the three systems of PBT and out-of-school PA.
Higher intrinsic motivation is positively associated with increased PA for children (b = 1.038, 95%CI: 0.897-1.180) and adolescents (b = 1.207, 95%CI: 0.890-1.524). Greater frequency of parental involvement in PA correlates with elevated PA for both children (b = 2.859, 95%CI: 2.147-3.572) and adolescents (b = 2.147, 95%CI: 0.311-3.983). In children, increased use of community exercise areas or facilities (b = 1.705, 95%CI: 0.234-3.176) and higher recreational screen time (b = 9.732, 95%CI: 5.614-13.850) are associated with higher PA. The SEM showed that factors of the personality system had a significant direct effect on out-of-school PA among children and adolescents, and factors of the behavior system also had a significant effect on children.
Our findings suggest that the personality system, particularly intrinsic motivation, is important in promoting out-of-school PA in children and adolescents. For children, modifiable health behaviors in the behavior system can similarly influence PA.
本观察性研究旨在问题行为理论（PBT）框架内，探讨与儿童和青少年校外体力活动（PA）相关的因素。
本横断面研究从中国上海的 10 所学校招募了 6528 名 6-16 岁的儿童和青少年，获取了校外 PA 和基于 PBT 的相关数据。采用一系列多元线性回归分别探讨影响儿童和青少年校外 PA 的因素。结构方程模型（SEM）用于探讨 PBT 的三个系统与校外 PA 之间的关联。
较高的内在动机与儿童（b=1.038，95%CI：0.897-1.180）和青少年（b=1.207，95%CI：0.890-1.524）PA 增加呈正相关。父母更多地参与 PA 与儿童（b=2.859，95%CI：2.147-3.572）和青少年（b=2.147，95%CI：0.311-3.983）PA 增加相关。在儿童中，更多地使用社区运动区或设施（b=1.705，95%CI：0.234-3.176）和更高的娱乐屏幕时间（b=9.732，95%CI：5.614-13.850）与更高的 PA 相关。SEM 显示，人格系统的因素对儿童和青少年校外 PA 有显著的直接影响，行为系统的因素对儿童也有显著影响。
我们的研究结果表明，人格系统，特别是内在动机，对促进儿童和青少年校外 PA 很重要。对于儿童来说，行为系统中的可改变健康行为也可以同样影响 PA。
