College of Pharmacy, Anhui University of Chinese Medicine, Hefei, Anhui, China.
Institute of Health and Medicine, Hefei Comprehensive National Science Center, Joint Research Center for Chinese Herbal Medicine of Anhui, Bozhou, Anhui, China.
PeerJ. 2024 Apr 30;12:e17371. doi: 10.7717/peerj.17371. eCollection 2024.
belongs to the genus Platycodon and has many pharmacological effects, such as expectorant, antitussive, and anti-tumor properties. Among transcription factor families peculiar to eukaryotes, the basic leucine zipper (bZIP) family is one of the most important, which exists widely in plants and participates in many biological processes, such as plant growth, development, and stress responses. However, genomic analysis of the bZIP gene family and related stress response genes has not yet been reported in .
(PgbZIP) genes were first identified here, and the phylogenetic relationships and conserved motifs in the PgbZIPs were also performed. Meanwhile, gene structures, conserved domains, and the possible protein subcellular localizations of these PgbZIPs were characterized. Most importantly, the cis-regulatory elements and expression patterns of selected genes exposed to two different stresses were analyzed to provide further information on PgbZIPs potential biological roles in upon exposure to environmental stresses.
Forty-six PgbZIPs were identified in and divided into nine groups, as displayed in the phylogenetic tree. The results of the chromosomal location and the collinearity analysis showed that forty-six PgbZIP genes were distributed on eight chromosomes, with one tandem duplication event and eleven segmental duplication events identified. Most PgbZIPs in the same phylogenetic group have similar conserved motifs, domains, and gene structures. There are cis-regulatory elements related to the methyl jasmonate (MeJA) response, low-temperature response, abscisic acid response, auxin response, and gibberellin response. Ten PgbZIP genes were selected to study their expression patterns upon exposure to low-temperature and MeJA treatments, and all ten genes responded to these stresses. The real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) results suggest that the expression levels of most PgbZIPs decreased significantly within 6 h and then gradually increased to normal or above normal levels over the 90 h following MeJA treatment. The expression levels of all PgbZIPs were significantly reduced after 3 h of the low-temperature treatment. These results reveal the characteristics of the PgbZIP family genes and provide valuable information for improving ability to cope with environmental stresses during growth and development.
桔梗属于桔梗属，具有许多药理作用，如祛痰、镇咳和抗肿瘤作用。在真核生物特有的转录因子家族中，碱性亮氨酸拉链（bZIP）家族是最重要的家族之一，它广泛存在于植物中，参与许多生物学过程，如植物的生长、发育和应激反应。然而，在 中尚未报道 bZIP 基因家族和相关应激反应基因的基因组分析。
首先在这里鉴定了 （PgbZIP）基因，并对 PgbZIPs 的系统发育关系和保守基序进行了分析。同时，对这些 PgbZIPs 的基因结构、保守结构域和可能的蛋白质亚细胞定位进行了分析。最重要的是，分析了选定基因在两种不同胁迫下的顺式调控元件和表达模式，为 暴露于环境胁迫时 PgbZIPs 在潜在生物学作用提供了进一步的信息。
在 中鉴定了 46 个 PgbZIP，并在系统发育树中分为 9 组。染色体定位和共线性分析的结果表明，46 个 PgbZIP 基因分布在 8 条染色体上，鉴定出 1 个串联重复事件和 11 个片段重复事件。同一系统发育群中的大多数 PgbZIP 具有相似的保守基序、结构域和基因结构。存在与茉莉酸甲酯（MeJA）反应、低温反应、脱落酸反应、生长素反应和赤霉素反应相关的顺式调控元件。选择 10 个 PgbZIP 基因研究其在低温和 MeJA 处理下的表达模式，所有 10 个基因均对这些胁迫有反应。实时定量聚合酶链反应（RT-qPCR）结果表明，MeJA 处理后 6 小时内大多数 PgbZIP 表达水平显著下降，90 小时后逐渐恢复正常或高于正常水平。低温处理 3 小时后，所有 PgbZIP 的表达水平均显著降低。这些结果揭示了 PgbZIP 家族基因的特征，并为在生长和发育过程中提高 应对环境胁迫的能力提供了有价值的信息。
