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‘蓝果’花粉逐渐释放：提高授粉效率和异交的适应机制。

Gradual pollen presentation in 'Bluecrop': an adaptive mechanism to improve pollination efficiency and outcrossing.

机构信息

School of Landscape Architecture, Changchun University, Changchun, Jilin, China.

School of Geography and Tourism, Qufu Normal University, Rizhao, Shandong, China.

出版信息

PeerJ. 2024 Apr 30;12:e17273. doi: 10.7717/peerj.17273. eCollection 2024.

DOI:10.7717/peerj.17273
PMID:38708362
原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11067903/
Abstract

Gradual pollen presentation is a plant reproductive mechanism to improve pollination efficiency and accuracy and promote outcrossing. 'Bluecrop' has a typical gradual pollen presentation mechanism. 'Bluecrop' exhibits an inverted bell-shaped flower with a white coloration. By investigating the flower syndrome, pollination characteristics, pollination efficiency, and breeding system of 'Bluecrop', this study aims to explore the adaptive significance of these traits. The results showed 'Bluecrop' released pollen gradually through anther poricidal dehiscence. Among different pollinators, and can pollinate effectively, and the mechanism of gradual pollen presentation significantly improved the efficiency of pollen transfer. This characteristic limits the amount of pollen removed by the pollinators and prolongs pollen presentation, thus attracting more pollinators and thereby increasing male fitness. The nectar secretion of 'Bluecrop' is gradual, with a large nectar production and a long phase of nectar secretion, enhance visitation frequencies and the chances of successful pollination. At the same time, campanulate corolla can protect pollen as well as nectar from waste due to environmental factors and other effects. The breeding system of 'Bluecrop' relies mainly on outcrossing because of its low affinity for self-fertilization and good interaction with pollinating insects. Thus, the special floral syndrome and the mechanism of secondary pollen presentation are significant in improving pollination efficiency and promoting the reproductive success of 'Bluecrop' by outcrossing. It can provide a certain theoretical basis for the future propagation breeding of 'Bluecrop'.

摘要

渐增式传粉是一种植物繁殖机制，可提高传粉效率和准确性，促进异交。‘蓝浆果’具有典型的渐增式花粉呈现机制。‘蓝浆果’表现出一种倒钟形的白花。通过研究花综合征、传粉特征、传粉效率和‘蓝浆果’的繁殖系统，本研究旨在探讨这些特征的适应意义。结果表明，‘蓝浆果’通过花粉囊孔裂的方式逐渐释放花粉。在不同的传粉者中， 和 可以有效传粉，渐增式花粉呈现机制显著提高了花粉传递效率。这种特性限制了传粉者带走的花粉量，并延长了花粉呈现时间，从而吸引更多的传粉者，从而提高雄性适合度。‘蓝浆果’的花蜜分泌是渐增式的，花蜜产量大，分泌时间长，增加了访问频率和成功传粉的机会。同时，钟形的花冠可以保护花粉和花蜜免受环境因素和其他影响的浪费。‘蓝浆果’的繁殖系统主要依赖异交，因为它对自交的亲和力较低，与传粉昆虫的相互作用良好。因此，特殊的花综合征和次生花粉呈现机制在提高传粉效率和促进‘蓝浆果’异交生殖成功方面具有重要意义。这可为‘蓝浆果’的未来繁殖育种提供一定的理论依据。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/5f68/11067903/aa22ac862b84/peerj-12-17273-g006.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/5f68/11067903/60c1cc51f01d/peerj-12-17273-g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/5f68/11067903/9c81813e36a8/peerj-12-17273-g002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/5f68/11067903/ab879962cf4c/peerj-12-17273-g003.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/5f68/11067903/742828327115/peerj-12-17273-g004.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/5f68/11067903/471144f2441b/peerj-12-17273-g005.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/5f68/11067903/aa22ac862b84/peerj-12-17273-g006.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/5f68/11067903/60c1cc51f01d/peerj-12-17273-g001.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/5f68/11067903/9c81813e36a8/peerj-12-17273-g002.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/5f68/11067903/ab879962cf4c/peerj-12-17273-g003.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/5f68/11067903/742828327115/peerj-12-17273-g004.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/5f68/11067903/471144f2441b/peerj-12-17273-g005.jpg
https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/5f68/11067903/aa22ac862b84/peerj-12-17273-g006.jpg

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本文引用的文献

1
Pollen dispensing schedules in buzz-pollinated plants: experimental comparison of species with contrasting floral morphologies.传粉日程在蜂媒植物中：具有不同花形态的物种的对比实验。
Am J Bot. 2021 Jun;108(6):993-1005. doi: 10.1002/ajb2.1680.
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Biomechanical properties of a buzz-pollinated flower.一种通过振动授粉的花朵的生物力学特性。
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Buzz pollination.蜂媒传粉。
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