Salakka Ilja, Pitkäniemi Anni, Pentikäinen Emmi, Saari Pasi, Toiviainen Petri, Särkämö Teppo
Music, Ageing and Rehabilitation Team, Cognitive Brain Research Unit, Department of Psychology and Logopedics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Centre of Excellence in Music, Mind, Body and Brain, University of Jyväskylä and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Psychol Music. 2024 May;52(3):305-321. doi: 10.1177/03057356231186961. Epub 2023 Oct 16.
Music that evokes strong emotional responses is often experienced as autobiographically salient. Through emotional experience, the musical features of songs could also contribute to their subjective autobiographical saliency. Songs which have been popular during adolescence or young adulthood (ages 10-30) are more likely to evoke stronger memories, a phenomenon known as a reminiscence bump. In the present study, we sought to determine how song-specific age, emotional responsiveness to music, musical features, and subjective memory functioning contribute to the subjective autobiographical saliency of music in older adults. In a music listening study, 112 participants rated excerpts of popular songs from the 1950s to the 1980s for autobiographical saliency. Additionally, they filled out questionnaires about emotional responsiveness to music and subjective memory functioning. The song excerpts' musical features were extracted computationally using MIRtoolbox. Results showed that autobiographical saliency was best predicted by song-specific age and emotional responsiveness to music and musical features. Newer songs that were more similar in rhythm to older songs were also rated higher in autobiographical saliency. Overall, this study contributes to autobiographical memory research by uncovering a set of factors affecting the subjective autobiographical saliency of music.
能唤起强烈情感反应的音乐通常会被体验为具有自传体显著性。通过情感体验，歌曲的音乐特征也可能促成其主观自传体显著性。在青春期或青年期（10至30岁）流行的歌曲更有可能唤起更强烈的记忆，这一现象被称为怀旧高峰。在本研究中，我们试图确定特定歌曲的年代、对音乐的情感反应、音乐特征以及主观记忆功能如何影响老年人音乐的主观自传体显著性。在一项音乐聆听研究中，112名参与者对20世纪50年代至80年代流行歌曲的片段进行自传体显著性评分。此外，他们填写了关于对音乐的情感反应和主观记忆功能的问卷。歌曲片段的音乐特征使用MIRtoolbox通过计算提取。结果表明，特定歌曲的年代、对音乐的情感反应和音乐特征最能预测自传体显著性。节奏上与老歌更相似的新歌在自传体显著性方面的评分也更高。总体而言，本研究通过揭示一组影响音乐主观自传体显著性的因素，为自传体记忆研究做出了贡献。
