Prevalence of nontuberculous mycobacteria and the emergence of rare species in Henan Province, China.

Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) is a large group of mycobacteria other than the complex and Epidemiological investigations have found that the incidence of NTM infections is increasing in China, and it is naturally resistant to many antibiotics. Therefore, studies of NTM species in clinical isolates are useful for understanding the epidemiology of NTM infections. The present study aimed to investigate the incidence of NTM infections and types of NTM species. Of the 420 samples collected, 285 were positive for , 62 samples were negative, and the remaining 73 samples contained NTM, including 35 (8.3%) only NTM and 38 (9%) mixed ( and NTM). The most prevalent NTM species were (30.1%), followed by (15%) and (12%). infection was detected in 9.5% of total NTM-positive cases. Moreover, this study reports the presence of infection and a high prevalence of for the first time in Henan. is the most prevalent, accompanied by some emerging NTM species, including and a high prevalence of in Henan Province. Monitoring NTM transmission and epidemiology could enhance mycobacteriosis management in future.