Wysota Christina N, Duan Zongshuan, Wang Yan, Niaura Raymond S, Abroms Lorien C
Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA.
School of Public Health, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Am J Health Promot. 2024 May 6:8901171241249144. doi: 10.1177/08901171241249144.
To examine the effect of e-cigarette warning labels (EWLs) prior to the August 2018 FDA-warning label mandate to establish a baseline for future research.
Cross-sectional survey.
United States.
A cohort of adult participants in the Population Assessment of Tobacco and Health (PATH) study (n = 30,004) at Wave 4 (Dec 2016-Jan 2018).
Correlates (e.g., sociodemographics, substance use, social influence, cigarette warnings, and mental health) of noticing EWLs in the past 30-days (noticed vs did not notice), perceived harm of e-cigarettes/nicotine (from 1 = not at all harmful to 5 = extremely harmful), relative harm of e-cigarettes (from 1 = less harmful to 3 = more harmful than cigarettes), intention to quit (yes/no) and intention to try e-cigarettes (from 1 = definitely not to 4 = definitely yes).
The prevalence of noticing EWLs was 22.1%. Those who currently use electronic nicotine products, established and experimentally, were more likely to notice EWLs relative to never users (aOR = 3.55; 95% CI: 2.96-4.25; < .001 and aOR = 2.42; 95% CI: 1.88-3.10; < .001, respectively). Those with past 30-day alcohol and cigarette use were less likely to notice EWLs (aOR = .27; 95% CI: .24-.31 and aOR = .91; 95% CI: .83-.99; respectively). Those who noticed cigarette warnings were more likely to notice EWLs (aOR = 12.00; 95% CI: 10.46-13.77; < .001). Among those who noticed EWLs, there were higher odds of perceiving e-cigarettes to be equally or more harmful than cigarettes (aOR = 1.15; 95% CI: 1.02-1.30), but no association was found between noticing EWLs and perceived harm of e-cigarettes/nicotine or use intentions.
Noticing voluntary EWLs was not associated with increased perceived harm of e-cigarettes and nicotine harm, or e-cigarette use intentions. Future research is warranted to examine the effect of the FDA mandated EWLs.
在2018年8月美国食品药品监督管理局（FDA）强制要求实施电子烟警告标签之前，研究电子烟警告标签（EWL）的效果，以便为未来研究建立一个基线。
横断面调查。
美国。
烟草与健康人口评估（PATH）研究第四波（2016年12月 - 2018年1月）中的成年参与者队列（n = 30,004）。
过去30天内注意到EWL的相关因素（如社会人口统计学、物质使用、社会影响、香烟警告和心理健康）（注意到与未注意到）、对电子烟/尼古丁的感知危害（从1 = 完全无害到5 = 极其有害）、电子烟的相对危害（从1 = 比香烟危害小到3 = 比香烟危害大）、戒烟意愿（是/否）以及尝试电子烟的意愿（从1 = 绝对不会到4 = 肯定会）。
注意到EWL的患病率为22.1%。相对于从未使用过电子烟的人，目前使用电子烟产品的人（无论是否确定使用）更有可能注意到EWL（调整后的比值比[aOR] = 3.55；95%置信区间[CI]：2.96 - 4.25；P <.001和aOR = 2.42；95% CI：1.88 - 3.10；P <.001，分别）。过去30天内饮酒和吸烟的人不太可能注意到EWL（aOR =.27；95% CI：.24 -.31和aOR =.91；95% CI：.83 -.99，分别）。注意到香烟警告的人更有可能注意到EWL（aOR = 12.00；95% CI：10.46 - 13.77；P <.001）。在注意到EWL的人中，认为电子烟与香烟同样有害或更有害的几率更高（aOR = 1.15；95% CI：1.02 - 1.30），但未发现注意到EWL与对电子烟/尼古丁的感知危害或使用意愿之间存在关联。
注意到自愿性EWL与对电子烟和尼古丁危害的感知增加或电子烟使用意愿增加无关。有必要进行未来研究以考察FDA强制要求实施的EWL的效果。
