Stenqvist Thomas Birkedal, Bere Elling
Department of Sport Science and Physical Education, University of Agder, Kristiansand, Norway.
Department of Health and Inequalities & Centre for Evaluation of Public Health Measures, Norwegian Institute of Public Health, Oslo, Norway.
Front Sports Act Living. 2024 Apr 22;6:1355776. doi: 10.3389/fspor.2024.1355776. eCollection 2024.
The study aims to evaluate the relationship between sociodemographic factors and changes in Norwegian outdoor activities between 2008 and 2018. Traditional outdoor activities, such as family trips in nature, the gathering of mushrooms and wild berries, and growing one's own plants to eat, are believed to have a positive impact on physical activity levels and health in general.
This study includes repeated cross-sectional surveys conducted in 38 randomly selected schools across two Norwegian counties. In 2008, 1,012 parents of 6th and 7th grade students from 27 schools completed a questionnaire. In 2018, 609 new parents from 25 schools participated. Variables were dichotomized. Descriptive analyses between groups were conducted using chi-square statistics. Binary logistic regression analyses were performed with the three outdoor activities as dependent variables, including year only (model 1), and then also gender, age (continuous), education (own and partners), and household income as independent variables (model 2).
Participation in weekly family trips in nature increased from 22% to 28% ( = 0.002), the OR for year 2018 vs. year 2008 was 1.51. Adjusted for sociodemographic factors, the OR remained stable and significant. Education was the only significant sociodemographic factor (OR = 1.60), indicating the odds of those with a higher education to be 60% higher to engage in weekly family trips in nature. Gathering of wild mushrooms and plants remained stable with time. Being female (OR = 1.44), age (OR = 1.049) and education (OR = 1.49) was related to gathering. An increase in growing plants to eat was observed with an increase from 42% to 51% ( < 0.001), OR = 1.33. However, it did not remain significant in model 2. Education was, in general, positively related to growing food (OR = 1.35).
We observed a positive increase in family trips in nature over the period from 2008 to 2018. Furthermore, elder parents seem to be more involved in the long-rooted traditional Norwegian grow- and gather culture, and a social gradient is apparent as those with higher education do participate more often in traditional outdoor activities.
本研究旨在评估社会人口学因素与2008年至2018年挪威户外活动变化之间的关系。传统户外活动，如在大自然中进行家庭旅行、采摘蘑菇和野生浆果以及种植自己食用的植物，被认为对身体活动水平和总体健康有积极影响。
本研究包括在挪威两个县随机选取的38所学校进行的重复横断面调查。2008年，来自27所学校的1012名六年级和七年级学生的家长完成了一份问卷。2018年，来自25所学校的609名新家长参与了调查。变量进行了二分法处理。使用卡方统计进行组间描述性分析。以三项户外活动为因变量进行二元逻辑回归分析，仅包括年份（模型1），然后还将性别、年龄（连续变量）、教育程度（自身和配偶）以及家庭收入作为自变量（模型2）。
每周进行家庭自然旅行的比例从22%增加到28%（P = 0.002），2018年与2008年相比的比值比为1.51。在对社会人口学因素进行调整后，比值比保持稳定且显著。教育程度是唯一显著的社会人口学因素（比值比 = 1.60），表明受过高等教育的人每周进行家庭自然旅行的几率高60%。野生蘑菇和植物的采摘随时间保持稳定。女性（比值比 = 1.44）以及年龄（比值比 = 1.049）和教育程度（比值比 = 1.49）与采摘有关。种植食用植物的比例从42%增加到51%（P < 0.001），比值比 = 1.33。然而，在模型2中它不再显著。总体而言，教育程度与种植食物呈正相关（比值比 = 1.35）。
我们观察到2008年至2018年期间家庭自然旅行有积极增长。此外，年长的父母似乎更多地参与到挪威历史悠久的传统种植和采摘文化中，并且存在社会梯度，因为受过高等教育的人更频繁地参与传统户外活动。
