Department of Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
Department of Biochemistry, Saveh University of Medical Sciences, Saveh, Iran.
Cell Mol Neurobiol. 2024 May 7;44(1):44. doi: 10.1007/s10571-024-01478-1.
Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) characterized by inflammation and demyelination of CNS neurons. Up to now, there are many therapeutic strategies for MS but they are only being able to reduce progression of diseases and have not got any effect on repair and remyelination. Stem cell therapy is an appropriate method for regeneration but has limitations and problems. So recently, researches were used of exosomes that facilitate intercellular communication and transfer cell-to-cell biological information. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of short non-coding RNAs that we can used to their dysregulation in order to diseases diagnosis. The miRNAs of microvesicles obtained stem cells may change the fate of transplanted cells based on received signals of injured regions. The miRNAs existing in MSCs may be displayed the cell type and their biological activities. Current studies show also that the miRNAs create communication between stem cells and tissue-injured cells. In the present review, firstly we discuss the role of miRNAs dysregulation in MS patients and miRNAs expression by stem cells. Finally, in this study was confirmed the relationship of microRNAs involved in MS and miRNAs expressed by stem cells and interaction between them in order to find appropriate treatment methods in future for limit to disability progression.
多发性硬化症（MS）是一种中枢神经系统（CNS）自身免疫性疾病，其特征是 CNS 神经元的炎症和脱髓鞘。到目前为止，MS 有许多治疗策略，但它们只能减缓疾病的进展，对修复和髓鞘再生没有任何影响。干细胞疗法是一种促进再生的合适方法，但有局限性和问题。因此，最近的研究使用了外泌体，外泌体可以促进细胞间的通讯并传递细胞间的生物信息。微小 RNA（miRNA）是一类短的非编码 RNA，我们可以利用它们的失调来诊断疾病。从干细胞获得的微泡中的 miRNAs 可能会根据受损区域接收到的信号改变移植细胞的命运。存在于 MSC 中的 miRNAs 可能会显示细胞类型及其生物学活性。目前的研究还表明，miRNAs 可在干细胞与组织损伤细胞之间建立通讯。在本综述中，我们首先讨论了 miRNA 失调在 MS 患者中的作用以及干细胞中的 miRNA 表达。最后，本研究证实了参与 MS 的 microRNAs 与干细胞表达的 microRNAs 之间的关系及其相互作用，以便为今后找到限制残疾进展的适当治疗方法。
