Maternal and Infant Health Section, Centre for Surveillance and Applied Research, Public Health Agency of Canada, 785 Carling Ave, Ottawa, ON, Canada.
Department of Paediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children and University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.
BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2024 May 7;24(1):349. doi: 10.1186/s12884-024-06534-8.
Contemporary estimates of diabetes mellitus (DM) rates in pregnancy are lacking in Canada. Accordingly, this study examined trends in the rates of type 1 (T1DM), type 2 (T2DM) and gestational (GDM) DM in Canada over a 15-year period, and selected adverse pregnancy outcomes.
This study used repeated cross-sectional data from the Canadian Institute of Health Information (CIHI) hospitalization discharge abstract database (DAD). Maternal delivery records were linked to their respective birth records from 2006 to 2019. The prevalence of T1DM, T2DM and GDM were calculated, including relative changes over time, assessed by a Cochrane-Armitage test. Also assessed were differences between provinces and territories in the prevalence of DM.
Over the 15-year study period, comprising 4,320,778 hospital deliveries in Canada, there was a statistically significant increase in the prevalence of GDM and T1DM and T2DM. Compared to pregnancies without DM, all pregnancies with any form of DM had higher rates of hypertension and Caesarian delivery, and also adverse infant outcomes, including major congenital anomalies, preterm birth and large-for-gestational age birthweight.
Among 4.3 million pregnancies in Canada, there has been a rise in the prevalence of DM. T2DM and GDM are expected to increase further as more overweight women conceive in Canada.
加拿大缺乏当前关于妊娠糖尿病（DM）发病率的估计。因此，本研究考察了加拿大在 15 年期间 1 型（T1DM）、2 型（T2DM）和妊娠（GDM）DM 发病率的趋势以及选定的不良妊娠结局。
本研究使用了加拿大卫生信息研究所（CIHI）住院出院摘要数据库（DAD）的重复横断面数据。将产妇分娩记录与 2006 年至 2019 年的相应分娩记录进行了关联。计算了 T1DM、T2DM 和 GDM 的患病率，包括通过 Cochrane-Armitage 检验评估的随时间的相对变化。还评估了各省和地区之间 DM 患病率的差异。
在涵盖 4320778 例加拿大医院分娩的 15 年研究期间，GDM 和 T1DM 以及 T2DM 的患病率呈统计学显著增加。与无 DM 的妊娠相比，所有患有任何形式 DM 的妊娠均具有更高的高血压和剖宫产率，以及不良的婴儿结局，包括主要先天性异常、早产和大于胎龄儿出生体重。
在加拿大的 430 万例妊娠中，DM 的患病率有所上升。随着加拿大更多超重妇女怀孕，T2DM 和 GDM 预计将进一步增加。
