Birhanu Abdi, Shawel Lemma Michael, Habtamu Biruk, Wondwossen Worku Nahom, Kitessa Monas, Nigusie Shambel, Ayana Galana Mamo, Tenaw Yehenaw, Sete Selamawit, Merga Bedasa Taye, Mussa Ibsa
School of Medicine, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia.
Hiwot Fana Cancer Center, Hiwot Fana Comprehensive Specialized Hospital, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia.
Front Oncol. 2024 Apr 23;14:1368611. doi: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1368611. eCollection 2024.
The occurrence of long-lasting comorbidities makes cancer management and treatment challenging because of their overlapping poor prognosis. However, there are no data that show the burden of these chronic cases in patients with cancer in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed to assess the burden of and the factors associated with chronic disease comorbidity among cancer patients in the eastern part of Ethiopia.
A cross-sectional study was conducted on 422 patients with cancer admitted to the only cancer treatment center in eastern Ethiopia. A simple random sampling technique was employed to select the study participants. Data were extracted from the patients' medical records using a checklist. The collected data were entered into the Epi-Data statistical software version 3.1 and then exported to STATA version 17 for analysis. Bivariate and multivariate logistic regressions were used to assess the association between the outcomes and the independent variables. Finally, adjusted odds ratios (AORs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were reported. The statistical significance of the factors was indicated at a -value <0.05.
Of the 422 eligible medical records identified, 419 (99.3%) were included for analysis. A total of 230 (54.8%, 95%CI = 50.0%-59.6%) patients with cancer presented with one or more chronic diseases. Of these comorbidities, anemia, hypertension, and cardiovascular disease were the most common diseases reported. Obesity at admission (AOR = 1.91, 95%CI = 1.10-3.61) had a significant association with the occurrence of comorbidities among patients with cancer.
The overall prevalence of comorbidity among patients with cancer was relatively lower than that reported in previous studies. Being obese was significantly associated with the occurrence of comorbidities. Attention should be given to the burden of chronic comorbidities among patients with cancer through researching, formulating policies, and improving community literacy to manage comorbidities. Thus, interventions for weight reduction and the early detection and treatment of the comorbidities could limit further complications and lower the incidence of other comorbidities.
长期并存疾病的出现使得癌症管理和治疗颇具挑战，因为它们的预后都很差且相互重叠。然而，尚无数据表明埃塞俄比亚癌症患者中这些慢性病的负担情况。因此，本研究旨在评估埃塞俄比亚东部癌症患者中慢性病合并症的负担及其相关因素。
对埃塞俄比亚东部唯一一家癌症治疗中心收治的422例癌症患者进行了横断面研究。采用简单随机抽样技术选取研究参与者。使用清单从患者的病历中提取数据。收集的数据录入Epi-Data统计软件3.1版，然后导出到STATA 17版进行分析。采用双变量和多变量逻辑回归评估结果与自变量之间的关联。最后，报告调整后的比值比（AOR）及其95%置信区间（CI）。因素的统计学显著性以P值<0.05表示。
在确定的422份合格病历中，419份（99.3%）纳入分析。共有230例（54.8%，95%CI = 50.0%-59.6%）癌症患者患有一种或多种慢性病。在这些合并症中，贫血、高血压和心血管疾病是报告最多的疾病。入院时肥胖（AOR = 1.91，95%CI = 1.10-3.61）与癌症患者合并症的发生显著相关。
癌症患者合并症的总体患病率相对低于先前研究报告的水平。肥胖与合并症的发生显著相关。应通过研究、制定政策和提高社区认知度来关注癌症患者慢性合并症的负担，以管理合并症。因此，减轻体重以及对合并症进行早期检测和治疗的干预措施可以限制进一步的并发症，并降低其他合并症的发生率。
