Abdeta Tilahun, Birhanu Abdi, Kibret Haregeweyn, Alemu Ayichew, Bayu Kefelegn, Bogale Kasahun, Meseret Fentahun, Dechasa Deribe Bekele, Wondimneh Fenta, Abinew Yideg, Lami Magarsa, Wedaje Dawud, Bete Tilahun, Gemechu Kabtamu, Nigussie Shambel, Negash Abraham, Dirirsa Gebisa, Berhanu Bekelu, Husen Jemal, Eyeberu Addis, Godana Abduro, Dessie Yadeta, Sertsu Addisu, Hiko Ahmed, Asfaw Henock, Dereje Jerman, Nigussie Kabtamu
College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, Harar, Ethiopia.
Front Psychiatry. 2023 Jul 13;14:1183797. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2023.1183797. eCollection 2023.
Common mental disorders are highly prevalent in the population, affecting people across all regions of the world. In Ethiopia, mental disorders are the leading non-communicable disorders. World Health Organization (WHO) report shows that 4,480,113 (4.7%) and 3,139,003 (3.3%) people in Ethiopia are estimated to suffer from depression and anxiety, respectively. However, there are only limited studies conducted on common mental disorders in Africa including Ethiopia. Even if there was a previous study conducted among Harari regional state residents 7 years back, nowadays there are many possible factors that could increase the prevalence of common mental disorders in the community like the novel coronavirus pandemic, ethnic war, and current socio-economic crises in Ethiopia.
To assess the prevalence of common mental disorders and associated factors among adult residents of Harari regional state, eastern Ethiopia.
A community-based cross-sectional study was conducted from March 1 to March 30, 2022. A systematic random sampling technique was used to select 1,192 study participants. Data were collected by interviewer-administered structured and semi-structured questionnaires. A common mental disorder was assessed by the Self-Reporting Questionnaire of 20-Item (SRQ-20) questionnaire. Data were entered into Epi Data version 3.2 and exported to Stata Version 16 for analysis. The multivariable binary logistic regression analysis with a 95% confidence interval and < 0.05 was used to identify factors associated with common mental disorders.
From a total of 1,192 eligible participants, 1,168 responded to this survey, giving a response rate of 97.98%. The prevalence of common mental disorders among adults in the Harari Region of this study was 21.31% (95% CI, 18.8-23.60). Being female with Adjusted Odds Ratios (AOR = 1.31, 95%CI, 1.09-2.09), single (AOR = 2.03, 95%CI, 1.37-3.01), divorced (AOR = 3.06, 95%CI, 1.97-4.76), widowed (AOR = 1.79, 95%CI, 1.23-3.26), unemployed (AOR = 1.97, 95%CI, 1.18-3.31), having family history of mental illness (AOR = 3.17, 95%CI, 1.54-6.96) and age greater or equal to 55 years (AOR = 105, 95%CI, 1.69-3.54) were statistically associated with common mental disorders.
The prevalence of common mental disorder in the study area was sharply increased. Being female, single, divorced, widowed, family history of mental illness, being unemployed and age greater or equal to 55 years old were statistically positively associated with common mental disorder. Considering these determinants, screening, early identification, and providing appropriate intervention for common mental disorders in the community should be of great concern.
常见精神障碍在人群中高度流行，影响着世界所有地区的人们。在埃塞俄比亚，精神障碍是主要的非传染性疾病。世界卫生组织（WHO）的报告显示，埃塞俄比亚估计分别有4480113人（4.7%）和3139003人（3.3%）患有抑郁症和焦虑症。然而，包括埃塞俄比亚在内的非洲关于常见精神障碍的研究有限。即使7年前在哈拉里地区州居民中进行过一项研究，但如今有许多可能增加社区中常见精神障碍患病率的因素，如新型冠状病毒大流行、种族战争以及埃塞俄比亚当前的社会经济危机。
评估埃塞俄比亚东部哈拉里地区州成年居民中常见精神障碍的患病率及相关因素。
于2022年3月1日至3月30日进行了一项基于社区的横断面研究。采用系统随机抽样技术选取1192名研究参与者。通过访谈员管理的结构化和半结构化问卷收集数据。使用20项自填问卷（SRQ - 20）评估常见精神障碍。数据录入Epi Data 3.2版本，并导出到Stata 16版本进行分析。采用95%置信区间且P < 0.05的多变量二元逻辑回归分析来确定与常见精神障碍相关的因素。
在总共1192名符合条件的参与者中，1168人回应了此次调查，回应率为97.98%。本研究中哈拉里地区成年人常见精神障碍的患病率为21.31%（95%CI，18.8 - 23.60）。女性（调整优势比[AOR] = 1.31，95%CI，1.09 - 2.09）、单身（AOR = 2.03，95%CI，1.37 - 3.01）、离婚（AOR = 3.06，95%CI，1.97 - 4.76）、丧偶（AOR = 1.79，95%CI，1.23 - 3.26）、失业（AOR = 1.97，95%CI，1.18 - 3.31）、有精神疾病家族史（AOR = 3.17，95%CI，1.54 - 6.96）以及年龄大于或等于55岁（AOR = 1.05，95%CI，1.69 - 3.54）与常见精神障碍在统计学上相关。
研究区域内常见精神障碍的患病率急剧上升。女性、单身、离婚、丧偶、有精神疾病家族史、失业以及年龄大于或等于55岁在统计学上与常见精神障碍呈正相关。考虑到这些决定因素，社区中对常见精神障碍的筛查、早期识别以及提供适当干预应受到高度关注。
