College of Resources and Environment, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu, 610025, Sichuan, China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2024 May;31(24):35206-35218. doi: 10.1007/s11356-024-33160-w. Epub 2024 May 9.
As alternative substances of PBDEs, organophosphate esters (OPEs), an emerging organic pollutant, were increasingly produced and used in many kinds of industries and consumer products. However, OPEs also have various adverse toxic effects. Information on the pollution levels and exposure to OPEs in related industries is still limited. This study presented data on OPE contamination in the soil, leaf, and river water samples from seven typical industrial parks in Southwest China. Total concentration of seven OPEs (ΣOPE) including tri-n-butyl phosphate (TnBP), tris-(2-ethylhexyl) phosphate (TEHP), tris-(2-butoxyethyl) phosphate (TBEP), tris-(2-carboxyethyl) phosphine (TCEP), triphenyl phosphate (TPhP), tris-(1,3-dichloro-2-propyl) ester (TDCPP), and tris-(chlorisopropyl) phosphate (TCPP) in the soil samples (36.2 ~ 219.7 ng/g) and the surrounding river water samples (118.9 ~ 287.7 ng/L) were mostly lower than those in other studies, while the ΣOPE level in the leaves (2053.3 ~ 8152.7 ng/g) was relatively high. There were significant differences in the concentration and distribution of OPEs in the surrounding environment of different industrial parks. TDCPP, TnBP, and TCPP could be used as the characteristic compound in soil samples from auto industrial park, river samples from shoe making industrial park, and leaf samples from logistics park, respectively. The parameter m (the content ratio of chlorinated OPEs to alkyl OPEs) was suggested to distinguish the types of industrial park preliminary. When m ≥ 1, it mainly refers to heavy industries sources such as automobiles, electronics, and machinery, etc. When m<1, it mainly for the light industrial sources such as textile industry, transportation services, and resources processing, etc. For logistics park, furniture park and Wuhou comprehensive industrial park, the volatilization of materials was the main sources of OPEs in the surrounding environment, while more effort was required to strengthen the pollution control and management of the waste water and soil in the pharmacy industrial park, shoe making industrial park and auto industrial park. Risk assessment showed that there was a negligible non-cancer and carcinogenic risk in the soil, while high attention should be paid to the non-cancer risk for children.
作为多溴二苯醚（PBDEs）的替代物质，有机磷酸酯（OPEs）是一种新兴的有机污染物，在许多工业和消费产品中被越来越多地生产和使用。然而，OPEs 也具有各种不良的毒性作用。关于相关行业中 OPEs 的污染水平和暴露情况的信息仍然有限。本研究提供了来自中国西南七个典型工业园区的土壤、叶片和河流水样中 OPE 污染的数据。七种 OPEs（ΣOPE）包括三正丁基磷酸酯（TnBP）、三（2-乙基己基）磷酸酯（TEHP）、三（2-丁氧基乙基）磷酸酯（TBEP）、三（2-羧乙基）膦酸（TCEP）、三苯基磷酸酯（TPhP）、三（1,3-二氯-2-丙基）酯（TDCPP）和三（氯异丙基）磷酸酯（TCPP）在土壤样品（36.2219.7ng/g）和周围河流水样（118.9287.7ng/L）中的总浓度大多低于其他研究，而叶片中的ΣOPE 水平（2053.3~8152.7ng/g）相对较高。不同工业园区周围环境中 OPEs 的浓度和分布存在显著差异。TDCPP、TnBP 和 TCPP 可分别作为汽车工业园区土壤样品、制鞋工业园区河流水样和物流园区叶片样本的特征化合物。建议使用参数 m（氯化 OPEs 与烷基 OPEs 的含量比）初步区分工业园区类型。当 m≥1 时，主要指汽车、电子、机械等重工业来源；当 m<1 时，主要指纺织、运输服务、资源加工等轻工业来源。对于物流园区、家具园区和武侯综合工业园区，材料的挥发是周围环境中 OPEs 的主要来源，而对于制药工业园区、制鞋工业园区和汽车工业园区，需要加强废水和土壤的污染控制和管理。风险评估表明，土壤中不存在非致癌和致癌风险，但儿童应高度关注非致癌风险。
