An Cheng, Li Zhen, Chen Yao, Huang Shaojun, Yang Fan, Hu Ying, Xu Tao, Zhang Chengxin, Ge Shenglin
Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No.218 Jixi Road, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, Anhui, China.
Cell Biosci. 2024 May 8;14(1):58. doi: 10.1186/s13578-024-01242-4.
The cyclic guanosine monophosphate (GMP)-adenosine monophosphate (AMP) synthase-stimulator of interferon genes (cGAS-STING) signaling pathway, an important component of the innate immune system, is involved in the development of several diseases. Ectopic DNA-induced inflammatory responses are involved in several pathological processes. Repeated damage to tissues and metabolic organelles releases a large number of damage-associated molecular patterns (mitochondrial DNA, nuclear DNA, and exogenous DNA). The DNA fragments released into the cytoplasm are sensed by the sensor cGAS to initiate immune responses through the bridging protein STING. Many recent studies have revealed a regulatory role of the cGAS-STING signaling pathway in cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) such as myocardial infarction, heart failure, atherosclerosis, and aortic dissection/aneurysm. Furthermore, increasing evidence suggests that inhibiting the cGAS-STING signaling pathway can significantly inhibit myocardial hypertrophy and inflammatory cell infiltration. Therefore, this review is intended to identify risk factors for activating the cGAS-STING pathway to reduce risks and to simultaneously further elucidate the biological function of this pathway in the cardiovascular field, as well as its potential as a therapeutic target.
环磷酸鸟苷（GMP）- 环磷酸腺苷（AMP）合成酶 - 干扰素基因刺激因子（cGAS - STING）信号通路是固有免疫系统的重要组成部分，参与多种疾病的发生发展。异位DNA诱导的炎症反应涉及多种病理过程。组织和代谢细胞器的反复损伤会释放大量损伤相关分子模式（线粒体DNA、核DNA和外源DNA）。释放到细胞质中的DNA片段被传感器cGAS感知，通过衔接蛋白STING启动免疫反应。最近的许多研究揭示了cGAS - STING信号通路在诸如心肌梗死、心力衰竭、动脉粥样硬化和主动脉夹层/动脉瘤等心血管疾病（CVD）中的调节作用。此外，越来越多的证据表明，抑制cGAS - STING信号通路可显著抑制心肌肥大和炎症细胞浸润。因此，本综述旨在确定激活cGAS - STING通路的危险因素以降低风险，并同时进一步阐明该通路在心血管领域的生物学功能及其作为治疗靶点的潜力。
