Mansoury Ouassim, Kachkhouch Hamza, Essoli Samira, Mansouri Adil, Jabbar Murtada, Adarmouch Latifa, Amine Mohamed, Sebbani Majda
Department of Public Health, Epidemiology and Community Medicine, Laboratory of Biosciences and Health, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakesh, Morocco.
Clinical Research Service, Mohammed VI University Hospital Centre, Marrakesh, Morocco.
J Educ Health Promot. 2024 Mar 28;13:82. doi: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_157_23. eCollection 2024.
Health promotion (HP) is one of the key skills that every general practitioner (GP) should have, according to The World Organization of Family Doctors, but for several reasons, his practice remains insufficient. However, a gap would exist between the GPs' knowledge and their practices about HP. The aims of our study were to explore GPs' perceptions, knowledge, and practices in Morocco about HP and identify their barriers and needs to best practice HP actions.
A qualitative case study was conducted among GPs, via semi-structured interviews following an interview guide. Purposive and snowball sampling were used to select our sample. It contained four themes, perceptions, practices, barriers and needs, and proposals for improvement. The interviews were recorded and then transcribed. Thematic content data analysis was done manually. Favorable ethical approval was obtained from the local ethics committee.
Fourteen GPs participated in this study. The sex ratio was at one. GPs' practices were focused on the biomedical model with wide confusion of HP with prevention and therapeutic education. Their roles in HP were considered paramount. The number of patients during consultations, structures' care, and knowledge were the main barriers. The main cited needs were material resources and HP training.
Our study has made it possible to make an inventory of the practice of HP in Morocco. Participants' practices were based on the curative aspect. There is a crucial need to implement continuing and contextualized training for general practitioners to strengthen their skills in HP. This training will help to succeed in the health-promoting hospital's strategy.
根据世界家庭医生组织的说法，健康促进（HP）是每位全科医生（GP）应具备的关键技能之一，但由于多种原因，其实际应用仍显不足。然而，全科医生在健康促进方面的知识与实践之间可能存在差距。我们研究的目的是探索摩洛哥全科医生对健康促进的看法、知识和实践，并确定他们在最佳健康促进行动中的障碍和需求。
通过遵循访谈指南进行的半结构化访谈，对全科医生开展了一项定性案例研究。采用目的抽样和滚雪球抽样来选取我们的样本。它包含四个主题，即看法、实践、障碍与需求以及改进建议。访谈进行了录音，随后进行了转录。手动进行了主题内容数据分析。获得了当地伦理委员会的有利伦理批准。
14名全科医生参与了本研究。男女比例为1:1。全科医生的实践集中在生物医学模式上，健康促进与预防及治疗教育存在广泛混淆。他们在健康促进中的作用被认为至关重要。会诊期间的患者数量、机构护理和知识是主要障碍。主要提及的需求是物质资源和健康促进培训。
我们的研究使得对摩洛哥健康促进实践进行盘点成为可能。参与者的实践基于治疗方面。迫切需要为全科医生开展持续且因地制宜的培训，以增强他们在健康促进方面的技能。这种培训将有助于健康促进医院战略的成功实施。
