Grup de Recerca Infancia i Entorn, Institut d'investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain.
Instituto de Investigación Hospital Universitario La Paz (IdiPAZ), Madrid, Spain.
Ther Drug Monit. 2024 Aug 1;46(4):530-536. doi: 10.1097/FTD.0000000000001218. Epub 2024 May 7.
The use of psychoactive substances (PSs) during pregnancy is a major public health concern because of their increasing prevalence worldwide. This study examined the understudied issue of gestational PS consumption in a cohort of Argentine delivering mothers.
A cross-sectional pilot study involving 51 women receiving delivery care was conducted at the Santa Rosa Hospital in La Pampa, Argentina. Information on maternal sociodemographic characteristics, pregnancy history, and drug use was obtained through standardized interviews. Maternal hair samples were analyzed for alcohol, tobacco, licit, illicit, and prescription substance biomarkers using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography high-resolution mass spectrometry and gas chromatography mass spectrometry.
During pregnancy, 49.0% of participants reported alcohol consumption, 25.5% reported tobacco use, and 23.5% reported cannabis use. Hair samples from 56.9% of the women were positive for illicit PSs, with the most frequent being cocaine (41.2%) and cannabis (15.7%). Among the women, 47.1% consumed alcohol during pregnancy. Of the 24 women with hair ethyl glucuronide ≥5 pg/mg, 33.3% drank until the end of gestation and 58.3% started a social drinking habit in the second half. The analysis also detected prescription substances (anticonvulsants, antidepressants, methadone, opioids, antihistamines, antiemetics, and analgesics), caffeine (70.6%), lidocaine, and levamisole, some of which were cocaine or opioid adulterants.
This is the first study to objectively assess the consumption of licit and illicit PSs during pregnancy in Argentina. In contrast to most nearby countries, cocaine was the most detected illicit PS in this cohort of Argentine delivering women. This finding highlights the importance of regular monitoring of local trends in PS use during pregnancy.
怀孕期间使用精神活性物质（PSs）是一个主要的公共卫生问题，因为它们在全球范围内的流行率不断上升。本研究检查了在阿根廷一个分娩母亲队列中研究不足的妊娠 PS 消费问题。
在阿根廷拉潘帕的圣罗莎医院进行了一项涉及 51 名接受分娩护理的妇女的横断面试点研究。通过标准化访谈获得了产妇社会人口统计学特征、妊娠史和药物使用信息。使用超高效液相色谱-高分辨率质谱和气相色谱-质谱法分析了产妇头发样本中的酒精、烟草、合法、非法和处方物质生物标志物。
怀孕期间，49.0%的参与者报告饮酒，25.5%报告吸烟，23.5%报告使用大麻。56.9%的女性头发样本呈非法 PS 阳性，最常见的是可卡因（41.2%）和大麻（15.7%）。在这些女性中，47.1%在怀孕期间饮酒。在 24 名头发乙基葡萄糖醛酸≥5 pg/mg 的女性中，33.3%的人在妊娠末期饮酒，58.3%的人在妊娠后半期开始社交饮酒习惯。分析还检测到处方物质（抗惊厥药、抗抑郁药、美沙酮、阿片类药物、抗组胺药、止吐药和镇痛药）、咖啡因（70.6%）、利多卡因和左旋咪唑，其中一些是可卡因或阿片类药物的掺杂物。
这是第一项在阿根廷客观评估怀孕期间合法和非法 PS 使用情况的研究。与大多数附近国家不同，可卡因是本研究队列中阿根廷分娩妇女最常检测到的非法 PS。这一发现强调了定期监测当地妊娠期间 PS 使用趋势的重要性。
