Institute of Psychology, Department of Psychology I, Würzburg University, Marcusstr. 9-11, Würzburg D-97070, Germany.
Institute of Psychology, Department of Psychology I, Würzburg University, Marcusstr. 9-11, Würzburg D-97070, Germany.
Neurosci Biobehav Rev. 2024 Jul;162:105696. doi: 10.1016/j.neubiorev.2024.105696. Epub 2024 May 7.
Human brain activity consists of different frequency bands associated with varying functions. Oscillatory activity of frontal brain regions in the theta range (4-8 Hz) is linked to cognitive processing and can be modulated by neurofeedback - a technique where participants receive real-time feedback about their brain activity and learn to modulate it. However, criticism of this technique evolved, and high heterogeneity of study designs complicates a valid evaluation of its effectiveness. This meta-analysis provides the first systematic overview over studies attempting to modulate frontal midline theta with neurofeedback in healthy human participants. Out of 1261 articles screened, 14 studies were eligible for systematic review and 11 for quantitative meta-analyses. Studies were evaluated following the DIAD model and the PRISMA guidelines. A significant across-study effect of medium size (Hedges' g = .66; 95%-CI [-0.62, 1.73]) with substantial between-study heterogeneity (Q(16) = 167.43, p < .001) was observed and subanalysis revealed effective frontal midline theta upregulation. We discuss moderators of effect sizes and provide guidelines for future research in this dynamic field.
人类大脑活动由与不同功能相关的不同频率带组成。额叶脑区的θ节律（4-8Hz）的振荡活动与认知加工有关，并且可以通过神经反馈进行调节-在这种技术中，参与者会收到有关其大脑活动的实时反馈，并学会调节它。但是，对该技术的批评也随之出现，研究设计的高度异质性使得对其有效性的有效评估变得复杂。这项荟萃分析首次对试图通过神经反馈调节健康人类参与者额中线θ的研究进行了系统概述。在筛选出的 1261 篇文章中，有 14 篇符合系统评价的标准，有 11 篇符合定量荟萃分析的标准。研究是根据 DIAD 模型和 PRISMA 指南进行评估的。观察到跨研究的显著中等大小的效果（Hedges'g=0.66；95%-CI [-0.62, 1.73]），并且存在大量的研究间异质性（Q(16)=167.43，p<0.001），亚分析显示额中线θ的上调有效。我们讨论了效应大小的调节因素，并为这个动态领域的未来研究提供了指导。
