Institute for Research in Molecular Medicine (INFORMM), Universiti Sains Malaysia, Minden, Penang, Malaysia.
Celestialab Sdn Bhd, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Front Immunol. 2024 Apr 25;15:1384039. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1384039. eCollection 2024.
Chimeric antigen receptor-natural killer (CAR-NK) cell therapy is a novel immunotherapy targeting cancer cells via the generation of chimeric antigen receptors on NK cells which recognize specific cancer antigens. CAR-NK cell therapy is gaining attention nowadays owing to the ability of CAR-NK cells to release potent cytotoxicity against cancer cells without side effects such as cytokine release syndrome (CRS), neurotoxicity and graft-versus-host disease (GvHD). CAR-NK cells do not require antigen priming, thus enabling them to be used as "off-the-shelf" therapy. Nonetheless, CAR-NK cell therapy still possesses several challenges in eliminating cancer cells which reside in hypoxic and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Therefore, this review is envisioned to explore the current advancements and limitations of CAR-NK cell therapy as well as discuss strategies to overcome the challenges faced by CAR-NK cell therapy. This review also aims to dissect the current status of clinical trials on CAR-NK cells and future recommendations for improving the effectiveness and safety of CAR-NK cell therapy.
嵌合抗原受体自然杀伤 (CAR-NK) 细胞疗法是一种通过在 NK 细胞上生成识别特定癌症抗原的嵌合抗原受体来靶向癌细胞的新型免疫疗法。由于 CAR-NK 细胞能够释放针对癌细胞的强大细胞毒性而没有细胞因子释放综合征 (CRS)、神经毒性和移植物抗宿主病 (GvHD) 等副作用，因此 CAR-NK 细胞疗法受到了关注。CAR-NK 细胞不需要抗原引发，因此可以用作“现成的”疗法。然而，CAR-NK 细胞疗法在消除存在于缺氧和免疫抑制肿瘤微环境中的癌细胞方面仍然存在一些挑战。因此，本综述旨在探讨 CAR-NK 细胞疗法的当前进展和局限性，并讨论克服 CAR-NK 细胞疗法面临的挑战的策略。本综述还旨在剖析 CAR-NK 细胞临床试验的现状和提高 CAR-NK 细胞疗法有效性和安全性的未来建议。
