Shan Shiran, Yuan Chunze, Tan Guangsu, Xu Chao, Li Lin, Li Guoqi, Zhang Jihao, Weng Tsu-Chien
School of Physical Science and Technology, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China.
Center for Transformative Science, ShanghaiTech University, Shanghai 201210, China.
Nanomaterials (Basel). 2024 Apr 28;14(9):772. doi: 10.3390/nano14090772.
The surface modification of amorphous carbon nanospheres (ACNs) through templates has attracted great attention due to its great success in improving the electrochemical properties of lithium storage materials. Herein, a safe methodology with toluene as a soft template is employed to tailor the nanostructure, resulting in ACNs with tunable surface pores. Extensive characterizations through transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Raman spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and nitrogen adsorption/desorption isotherms elucidate the impact of surface pore modifications on the external structure, morphology, and surface area. Electrochemical assessments reveal the enhanced performance of the surface-pore-modified carbon nanospheres, particularly ACNs-100 synthesized with the addition of 100 μL toluene, in terms of the initial discharge capacity, rate performance, and cycling stability. The interesting phenomenon of persistent capacity increase is ascribed to lithium ion movement within the graphite-like interlayer, resulting in ACNs-100 experiencing a capacity upswing from an initial 320 mAh g to a zenith of 655 mAh g over a thousand cycles at a rate of 2 C. The findings in this study highlight the pivotal role of tailored nanostructure engineering in optimizing energy storage materials.
通过模板对非晶态碳纳米球（ACNs）进行表面改性，因其在改善锂存储材料的电化学性能方面取得了巨大成功而备受关注。在此，采用一种以甲苯为软模板的安全方法来定制纳米结构，从而得到具有可调表面孔隙的ACNs。通过透射电子显微镜（TEM）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、拉曼光谱、X射线衍射（XRD）、X射线光电子能谱（XPS）和氮吸附/脱附等温线进行的广泛表征，阐明了表面孔隙改性对外部结构、形态和表面积的影响。电化学评估表明，表面孔隙改性的碳纳米球，特别是添加100 μL甲苯合成的ACNs-100，在初始放电容量、倍率性能和循环稳定性方面具有增强的性能。持续容量增加这一有趣现象归因于锂离子在类石墨层间的移动，导致ACNs-100在2 C倍率下经过一千次循环后，容量从初始的320 mAh g上升至最高655 mAh g。本研究中的发现突出了定制纳米结构工程在优化储能材料方面的关键作用。
