Halbach Susan M, Stein Deborah
Division of Nephrology, Seattle Children's Hospital, 4800 Sand Point Way NE, M/S OC.9.820, Seattle, WA, 98105, USA.
Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA.
Curr Hypertens Rep. 2024 Aug;26(8):349-354. doi: 10.1007/s11906-024-01303-6. Epub 2024 May 10.
Posterior reversible encephalopathy syndrome, or PRES, is a constellation of severe, acute hypertension and specific brain imaging findings. This may be caused by failure of the cerebral autoregulatory system to manage acute or severe changes in blood pressure. The incidence in children is unknown but estimated to be more common in children with predisposing factors including renal disease, autoimmune disease, malignancy, solid organ transplantation, stem cell transplantation, hypertension, sepsis, and exposure to certain medications.
Management of PRES includes addressing hypertension, removing offending agents when possible, and anti-epileptic medications. Most children with PRES recover completely, but recurrence is possible. Lack of resolution of imaging findings likely portends a worse prognosis.
后部可逆性脑病综合征（PRES）是一组严重急性高血压及特定脑影像学表现。这可能是由于脑自动调节系统无法应对血压的急性或严重变化所致。儿童中的发病率尚不清楚，但据估计在有易感因素的儿童中更为常见，这些因素包括肾病、自身免疫性疾病、恶性肿瘤、实体器官移植、干细胞移植、高血压、败血症以及接触某些药物。
PRES的治疗包括控制高血压、尽可能停用致病药物以及使用抗癫痫药物。大多数患有PRES的儿童可完全康复，但有可能复发。影像学表现未消退可能预示预后较差。
