疫苗接种对具有异源疫苗接种政策的国家中住院 COVID-19 患者 ICU 入院的影响。

Impact of vaccination on ICU admissions of hospitalized COVID-19 patients in a country with a heterologous vaccine policy.

机构信息

University of Health Sciences Turkey, Izmir School of Medicine, Dr. Suat Seren Chest Disease and Surgery Training and Research Hospital, Intensive Care Unit, Izmir, Turkey.

University of Health Sciences Turkey, Izmir School of Medicine, Bozyaka Training and Research Hospital, Department of Infectious Disease and Clinical Microbiology, Izmir, Turkey.

出版信息

J Infect Dev Ctries. 2024 Apr 30;18(4):513-519. doi: 10.3855/jidc.18342.

DOI:10.3855/jidc.18342

PMID:38728641

Abstract

INTRODUCTION

Vaccination against coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) is highly effective in preventing severe disease and mortality. Adenoviral vector and mRNA vaccines were effective against intensive care unit (ICU) admission, but the effectiveness of inactivated vaccine on ICU admission was unclear. We aimed to evaluate the effect of vaccination status on ICU admission in hospitalized COVID-19 patients in a country with heterologous vaccination policy.

METHODOLOGY

This is a retrospective multicenter study conducted in three hospitals in Izmir, Turkey between 1 January 2021 and 31 March 2022. Patients aged ≥ 18 years and hospitalized due to COVID-19 were included in the study. Patients who had never been vaccinated and patients who had been vaccinated with a single dose were considered unvaccinated. A logistic regression analysis was performed for evaluating risk factors for ICU admission.

RESULTS

A total of 2,110 patients were included in the final analysis. The median age was 66 years (IQR, 53-76 years) and 54% of the patients were vaccinated. During the study period, 407 patients (19.3%) were transferred to the ICU due to disease severity. Patients who were admitted to the ICU were older (median age 68 vs. 65 years, p < 0.001); and the number of unvaccinated individuals was higher among ICU patients (57% vs. 45%, p < 0.001). In multivariate regression analysis, being unvaccinated was found to be the most important independent risk factor for ICU admission with an OR of 2.06 (95% CI, 1.64-2.59).

CONCLUSIONS

Vaccination against COVID-19 is effective against ICU admission and hospital mortality.

摘要

介绍

接种针对新型冠状病毒疾病-19（COVID-19）的疫苗对预防重症疾病和死亡非常有效。腺病毒载体和 mRNA 疫苗对入住重症监护病房（ICU）有效，但灭活疫苗对入住 ICU 的有效性尚不清楚。我们旨在评估在一个采用异源疫苗接种政策的国家中，疫苗接种状况对住院 COVID-19 患者入住 ICU 的影响。

方法

这是一项在土耳其伊兹密尔的三家医院进行的回顾性多中心研究，研究时间为 2021 年 1 月 1 日至 2022 年 3 月 31 日。纳入年龄≥18 岁并因 COVID-19 住院的患者。从未接种过疫苗和仅接种过一剂疫苗的患者被视为未接种疫苗。对 ICU 入住的危险因素进行逻辑回归分析。

结果

共有 2110 例患者纳入最终分析。中位年龄为 66 岁（IQR，53-76 岁），54%的患者接种了疫苗。在研究期间，407 例（19.3%）患者因病情严重而转入 ICU。入住 ICU 的患者年龄较大（中位年龄 68 岁比 65 岁，p<0.001）；且 ICU 患者中未接种疫苗的人数更多（57%比 45%，p<0.001）。在多变量回归分析中，未接种疫苗被发现是 ICU 入住的最重要独立危险因素，OR 为 2.06（95%CI，1.64-2.59）。