Zhao Jianfei, Chen Meiying, Luo Zhengwei, Cui Pengxin, Ren Peng, Wang Ye
School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest University of Science and Technology, Mianyang 621010, China.
Sichuan Key Laboratory of Conservation Biology on Endangered Wildlife, Chengdu Research Base of Giant Panda Breeding, Chengdu 610081, China.
Animals (Basel). 2024 Apr 29;14(9):1335. doi: 10.3390/ani14091335.
Heterosis refers to the phenomenon where hybrids exhibit superior performance compared to the parental phenotypes and has been widely utilized in crossbreeding programs for animals and crops, yet the molecular mechanisms underlying this phenomenon remain enigmatic. A better understanding of the gene expression patterns in post-hatch chickens is very important for exploring the genetic basis underlying economically important traits in the crossbreeding of chickens. In this study, breast muscle and liver tissues ( = 36) from full-sib F1 birds and their parental pure lines were selected to identify gene expression patterns and differentially expressed genes (DEGs) at 28 days of age by strand-specific RNA sequencing (ssRNA-seq). This study indicates that additivity is the predominant gene expression pattern in the F1 chicken post-hatch breast muscle (80.6% genes with additivity) and liver (94.2% genes with additivity). In breast muscle, Gene Ontology (GO) enrichment analysis revealed that a total of 11 biological process (BP) terms closely associated with growth and development were annotated in the identified DEG sets and non-additive gene sets, including , , , , , , , , , and . Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) annotation presented that a total of six growth- and development-related pathways were identified, involving key genes such as , , , , and , including the PPAR signaling pathway, TGF-beta signaling pathway, and mTOR signaling pathway. Our results may provide a theoretical basis for crossbreeding in domestic animals.
杂种优势是指杂种表现出优于亲本表型的现象，已在动物和作物的杂交育种计划中广泛应用，但其背后的分子机制仍然不明。更好地了解孵化后鸡的基因表达模式对于探索鸡杂交育种中经济重要性状的遗传基础非常重要。在本研究中，选择了全同胞F1代鸡及其亲本纯系的胸肌和肝脏组织（n = 36），通过链特异性RNA测序（ssRNA-seq）鉴定28日龄时的基因表达模式和差异表达基因（DEG）。本研究表明，加性是F1代鸡孵化后胸肌（80.6%的基因具有加性）和肝脏（94.2%的基因具有加性）中主要的基因表达模式。在胸肌中，基因本体论（GO）富集分析显示，在鉴定出的DEG集和非加性基因集中，总共注释了11个与生长和发育密切相关的生物学过程（BP）术语，包括[此处原文缺失具体术语]。京都基因与基因组百科全书（KEGG）注释显示，总共鉴定出六个与生长和发育相关的途径，涉及关键基因如[此处原文缺失具体基因]，包括PPAR信号通路、TGF-β信号通路和mTOR信号通路。我们的结果可能为家畜杂交育种提供理论依据。
