Institute of Food Technology and Analysis, Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Sciences, Lodz University of Technology, Stefanowskiego 4/10 St., 90-924 Lodz, Poland.
Department of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, University of Lodz, Banacha 12/16 St., 90-237 Lodz, Poland.
Int J Mol Sci. 2024 Apr 29;25(9):4846. doi: 10.3390/ijms25094846.
The research investigates the influence of different lighting conditions and soil treatments, in particular the application of food polymers separately and in combination with spores of consortium, on the growth and development of herbs- and . The metabolic analysis focuses on detecting changes in the levels of biologically active compounds such as chlorophyll a and b, anthocyanins, carotenoids, phenolic compounds (including flavonoids), terpenoids, and volatile organic compounds with potential health-promoting properties. By investigating these factors, the study aims to provide insights into how environmental conditions affect the growth and chemical composition of selected plants and to shed light on potential strategies for optimising the cultivation of these herbs for the improved quality and production of bioactive compounds. Under the influence of additional lighting, the growth of and seedlings was greatly accelerated, resulting in an increase in shoot biomass and length, and in the case of , an increase in carotenoid and anthocyanin contents. Regarding secondary metabolites, the most pronounced changes were observed in total antioxidant capacity and flavonoid content, which increased significantly under the influence of additional lighting. The simultaneous or separate application of and food polymers resulted in an increase in flavonoid content in the leaves of both species. The increase in terpenoid content under supplemental light appears to be related to the presence of spores as well as food polymers added to the soil. However, the nature of these changes depends on the thyme species. Volatile compounds were analysed using an electronic nose (E-nose). Eight volatile compounds (VOCs) were tentatively identified in the vapours of and : α-pinene, myrcene, α-terpinene, γ-terpinene; 1,8-cineole (eucalyptol), thymol, carvacrol, and eugenol. Tendencies to increase the percentage of thymol and γ-terpinene under supplemental lighting were observed. The results also demonstrate a positive effect of food polymers and, to a lesser extent, fungi on the synthesis of VOCs with health-promoting properties. The effect of and food polymers on individual VOCs was positive in some cases for thymol and γ-terpinene.
该研究调查了不同光照条件和土壤处理方式的影响，特别是单独和联合应用食品聚合物以及共生菌孢子对草本植物和 的生长和发育的影响。代谢分析侧重于检测生物活性化合物水平的变化，如叶绿素 a 和 b、花青素、类胡萝卜素、酚类化合物（包括类黄酮）、萜类化合物和具有潜在健康促进特性的挥发性有机化合物。通过研究这些因素，该研究旨在深入了解环境条件如何影响选定植物的生长和化学成分，并揭示优化这些草药种植的潜在策略，以提高生物活性化合物的产量和质量。在额外光照的影响下， 和 幼苗的生长大大加快，导致芽生物量和长度增加，而 在类胡萝卜素和花青素含量方面增加。关于次生代谢物，总抗氧化能力和类黄酮含量的变化最为明显，在额外光照的影响下显著增加。 和食品聚合物的同时或单独应用导致两种百里香属植物叶片中的类黄酮含量增加。在补充光照下萜烯含量的增加似乎与共生菌孢子以及添加到土壤中的食品聚合物的存在有关。然而，这些变化的性质取决于百里香的种类。使用电子鼻（E-nose）分析挥发性化合物。在 和 的蒸气中，暂定鉴定出 8 种挥发性化合物（VOCs）：α-蒎烯、月桂烯、α-松油烯、γ-松油烯；1,8-桉树脑（桉树脑）、百里香酚、香芹酚、和丁子香酚。在补充光照下，观察到百里香酚和γ-松油烯的百分比增加的趋势。结果还表明，食品聚合物和在较小程度上共生菌对合成具有健康促进特性的 VOCs 有积极影响。 在某些情况下， 和食品聚合物对个别 VOCs 的影响是积极的，如百里香酚和γ-松油烯。
