Durdakova Michaela, Kolackova Martina, Ridoskova Andrea, Cernei Natalia, Pavelicova Kristyna, Urbis Petr, Richtera Lukáš, Pelcova Pavlína, Adam Vojtěch, Huska Dalibor
Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Mendel University in Brno, Zemedelska 1, 613 00 Brno, Czech Republic.
Institute of Experimental Botany, Centre of the Region Hana for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research, Slechtitelu 241/27, 783 71 Olomouc, Czech Republic; Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Palacky University Olomouc, Slechtitelu 27, Olomouc 779 00, Czech Republic.
Food Chem. 2024 Sep 15;452:139434. doi: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2024.139434. Epub 2024 Apr 24.
Arthrospira (Limnospira) maxima (A. maxima) and Chlorella vulgaris (Ch. vulgaris) are among the approved microalgae and cyanobacteria (MaC) in the food industry that are known to be safe for consumption. However, both organisms are controversial regarding their vitamin B content, due to the possible occurrence of pseudo-cobalamin. Concurrently, their nutrition profiles remain understudied. The main purpose of the present study was to identify their nutrition profiles, focusing mainly on vitamin B, amino acids, and micronutrients under iron-induced hormesis (10 mg/L Fe in treated samples). Our findings indicate a higher B content in A. maxima compared to Ch. vulgaris (both control and treated samples). Using liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), the cyanocobalamin content was determined as 0.42 ± 0.09 μg/g dried weight (DW) in the A. maxima control and 0.55 ± 0.02 μg/g DW in treated A. maxima, resulting in an insignificant difference. In addition, the iron-enriched medium increased the amount of iron in both tested biomasses (p < 0.01). However, a more pronounced (approximately 100×) boost was observed in Ch. vulgaris, indicating a better absorption capacity (control Ch. vulgaris 0.16 ± 0.01 mg/g Fe, treated Ch. vulgaris 15.40 ± 0.34 mg/g Fe). Additionally, Ch. vulgaris also showed a higher micronutrient content. Using both tested microalgae, meeting the sufficient recommended daily mineral allowance for an adult is possible. By combining biomass from A. maxima and Ch. vulgaris in a ratio of 6:1, we can fulfill the recommended daily allowance of vitamin B and iron by consuming 6 tablets/6 g. Importantly, iron hormesis stimulated amino acid composition in both organisms. The profile of amino acids may suggest these biomasses as promising potential nutrition sources.
极大螺旋藻（Arthrospira (Limnospira) maxima，A. maxima）和普通小球藻（Chlorella vulgaris，Ch. vulgaris）是食品工业中已获批准的微藻和蓝细菌（MaC），已知食用安全。然而，由于可能存在假钴胺素，这两种生物在维生素B含量方面存在争议。同时，它们的营养成分仍未得到充分研究。本研究的主要目的是确定它们的营养成分，主要关注铁诱导的兴奋效应（处理样品中含铁10 mg/L）下的维生素B、氨基酸和微量营养素。我们的研究结果表明，与普通小球藻相比，极大螺旋藻中的B含量更高（对照和处理样品均如此）。使用液相色谱串联质谱法（LC-MS/MS）测定，极大螺旋藻对照中的钴胺素含量为0.42±0.09 μg/g干重（DW），处理后的极大螺旋藻中为0.55±0.02 μg/g DW，差异不显著。此外，富铁培养基增加了两种受试生物量中的铁含量（p < 0.01）。然而，在普通小球藻中观察到更显著（约100倍）的增加，表明其吸收能力更好（对照普通小球藻0.16±0.01 mg/g Fe，处理后的普通小球藻15.40±0.34 mg/g Fe）。此外，普通小球藻还显示出更高的微量营养素含量。使用这两种受试微藻，有可能满足成年人每日足够的矿物质推荐摄入量。通过将极大螺旋藻和普通小球藻的生物量按6:1的比例混合，食用6片/6 g即可满足维生素B和铁的每日推荐摄入量。重要的是，铁兴奋效应刺激了这两种生物中的氨基酸组成。氨基酸谱可能表明这些生物量是有前景的潜在营养来源。
