Department of Sports Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City 80708, Taiwan.
Department of Sports Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung City 80708, Taiwan; Department of Medical Research, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung City 80708, Taiwan.
J Pharm Biomed Anal. 2024 Aug 15;246:116188. doi: 10.1016/j.jpba.2024.116188. Epub 2024 May 1.
The World Anti-Doping Agency (WADA) has included higenamine in the β2 agonist (S3) category of the Prohibited List since 2017 due to its pharmacological effects on adrenergic receptors. Although higenamine contained in Chinese herbal medicines has been identified by previous studies, comprehensive investigation on the higenamine content of Chinese herbs and their concentrated preparations is still required. This study aimed to determine the levels of higenamine in Chinese medicinal materials and their concentrated preparations used in Chinese medicine prescriptions in Taiwan. The levels of higenamine in Chinese medicinal materials, including Cortex Phellodendri, Flos Caryophylli, Fructus Euodiae, Fructus Kochiae, Plumula Nelumbinis, Radix Aconiti Preparata, Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata, and Radix Asari, and their concentrated preparations were determined by a validated liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method. Our results showed that the amounts of higenamine were detected and quantified in studied Chinese medicinal materials and their concentrated preparations, except for Flos Caryophylli, Radix Aconiti Preparata, and Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata. Plumula Nelumbinis and Cortex Phellodendri have higher levels of higenamine when compared to other Chinese herbs tested in the present study. The highest level of higenamine was 2100 μg/g found in the Plumula Nelumbinis medicinal material. In contrast with Plumula Nelumbinis and Cortex Phellodendri, higenamine levels below 10 μg/g were found in other most of the studied Chinese medicinal materials and their concentrated preparations. This study confirmed that various Chinese herbs and their concentrated preparations contained higenamine, and it provided more coherent and comprehensive information for reducing the potential risk of higenamine misuse in sports.
世界反兴奋剂机构（WADA）自 2017 年以来，由于其对肾上腺素能受体的药理作用，将盐酸育亨宾列入β2 激动剂（S3）类别。虽然之前的研究已经确定了中草药中的盐酸育亨宾，但仍需要对中草药及其浓缩制剂中的盐酸育亨宾含量进行全面调查。本研究旨在确定台湾中药方剂中使用的中草药及其浓缩制剂中的盐酸育亨宾含量。采用经验证的液相色谱-串联质谱（LC-MS/MS）法测定包括黄柏、丁香、吴茱萸、苦参、莲子心、制川乌、制草乌和细辛在内的中草药及其浓缩制剂中的盐酸育亨宾含量。研究结果表明，在所研究的中草药及其浓缩制剂中检测到并定量了盐酸育亨宾，除了丁香、制川乌和制草乌。与本研究中测试的其他中草药相比，莲子心和黄柏中盐酸育亨宾的含量更高。在研究的药用材料中发现的盐酸育亨宾含量最高为 2100μg/g，存在于莲子心药材中。与莲子心和黄柏相比，其他大多数研究的中草药及其浓缩制剂中的盐酸育亨宾含量低于 10μg/g。本研究证实，各种中草药及其浓缩制剂都含有盐酸育亨宾，为减少运动中盐酸育亨宾滥用的潜在风险提供了更连贯和全面的信息。
