School of Psychological Science, The University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.
Department of Psychology, Lingnan University, Hong Kong SAR, China.
Cogn Res Princ Implic. 2024 May 12;9(1):29. doi: 10.1186/s41235-024-00555-9.
Auditory stimuli that are relevant to a listener have the potential to capture focal attention even when unattended, the listener's own name being a particularly effective stimulus. We report two experiments to test the attention-capturing potential of the listener's own name in normal speech and time-compressed speech. In Experiment 1, 39 participants were tested with a visual word categorization task with uncompressed spoken names as background auditory distractors. Participants' word categorization performance was slower when hearing their own name rather than other names, and in a final test, they were faster at detecting their own name than other names. Experiment 2 used the same task paradigm, but the auditory distractors were time-compressed names. Three compression levels were tested with 25 participants in each condition. Participants' word categorization performance was again slower when hearing their own name than when hearing other names; the slowing was strongest with slight compression and weakest with intense compression. Personally relevant time-compressed speech has the potential to capture attention, but the degree of capture depends on the level of compression. Attention capture by time-compressed speech has practical significance and provides partial evidence for the duplex-mechanism account of auditory distraction.
与听者相关的听觉刺激即使在未被注意的情况下也有可能吸引焦点注意，而听者自己的名字则是一种特别有效的刺激。我们报告了两项实验，以测试听者自己的名字在正常语音和时间压缩语音中的注意力捕捉潜力。在实验 1 中，39 名参与者在一个视觉词汇分类任务中接受测试，背景听觉干扰物是未压缩的口语名字。当参与者听到自己的名字而不是其他名字时，他们的词汇分类表现会变慢，在最后的测试中，他们发现自己的名字比其他名字更快。实验 2 使用了相同的任务范式，但听觉干扰物是时间压缩的名字。25 名参与者在每种情况下测试了三个压缩级别。当参与者听到自己的名字时，他们的词汇分类表现再次比听到其他名字时更慢；轻微压缩时的减速最强，强烈压缩时的减速最弱。个人相关的时间压缩语音有可能吸引注意力，但注意力的捕捉程度取决于压缩水平。时间压缩语音的注意力捕捉具有实际意义，并为听觉干扰的双机制理论提供了部分证据。
