Rajeev Vismitha, Tabassum Nishat I, Fann David Y, Chen Christopher P, Lai Mitchell K P, Arumugam Thiruma V
Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.
Centre for Cardiovascular Biology and Disease Research, Department of Microbiology, Anatomy, Physiology and Pharmacology, School of Agriculture, Biomedicine and Environment, La Trobe University, Bundoora, Australia.
J Obes Metab Syndr. 2024 Jun 30;33(2):92-107. doi: 10.7570/jomes24010. Epub 2024 May 13.
Intermittent fasting (IF), a dietary pattern alternating between eating and fasting periods within a 24-hour cycle, has garnered recognition for its potential to enhance both healthspan and lifespan in animal models and humans. It also shows promise in alleviating age-related diseases, including neurodegeneration. Vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) spans a severity range from mild cognitive deficits to severe cognitive deficits and loss of function in vascular dementia. Chronic cerebral hypoperfusion has emerged as a significant contributor to VCI, instigating vascular pathologies such as microbleeds, blood-brain barrier dysfunction, neuronal loss, and white matter lesions. Preclinical studies in rodents strongly suggest that IF has the potential to attenuate pathological mechanisms, including excitotoxicity, oxidative stress, inflammation, and cell death pathways in VCI models. Hence, this supports evaluating IF in clinical trials for both existing and at-risk VCI patients. This review compiles existing data supporting IF's potential in treating VCI-related vascular and neuronal pathologies, emphasizing the mechanisms by which IF may mitigate these issues. Hence providing a comprehensive overview of the available data supporting IF's potential in treating VCI by emphasizing the underlying mechanisms that make IF a promising intervention for VCI.
间歇性禁食（IF）是一种在24小时周期内进食期和禁食期交替的饮食模式，因其在动物模型和人类中具有延长健康寿命和寿命的潜力而受到认可。它在缓解包括神经退行性变在内的与年龄相关疾病方面也显示出前景。血管性认知障碍（VCI）的严重程度范围从轻度认知缺陷到严重认知缺陷以及血管性痴呆中的功能丧失。慢性脑灌注不足已成为VCI的一个重要促成因素，引发了诸如微出血、血脑屏障功能障碍、神经元丢失和白质病变等血管病理变化。对啮齿动物的临床前研究有力地表明，IF有可能减轻VCI模型中的病理机制，包括兴奋性毒性、氧化应激、炎症和细胞死亡途径。因此，这支持在现有和有VCI风险的患者的临床试验中评估IF。本综述汇编了支持IF在治疗与VCI相关的血管和神经元病理方面潜力的现有数据，强调了IF可能减轻这些问题的机制。因此，通过强调使IF成为VCI有前景干预措施的潜在机制，全面概述了支持IF治疗VCI潜力的现有数据。
