Caroli Clarissa, Baron Giovanna, Cappellucci Giorgio, Brighenti Virginia, Della Vedova Larissa, Fraulini Francesca, Oliaro-Bosso Simonetta, Alessandrini Andrea, Zambon Alfonso, Lusvardi Gigliola, Aldini Giancarlo, Biagi Marco, Corsi Lorenzo, Pellati Federica
Department of Life Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Via Giuseppe Campi 103-287, 41125, Modena, Italy.
Clinical and Experimental Medicine PhD Program, University of Modena and Reggio, Via Giuseppe Campi 287, 41125, Modena, Italy.
Heliyon. 2024 Apr 26;10(9):e30291. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e30291. eCollection 2024 May 15.
Policosanols (PCs) are bioactive compounds extracted from different natural waxes. In this work, the purification, characterization and assessment of the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activity was carried out on PCs from an innovative source, i.e. a waxy material from supercritical-fluid extraction (SFE) of non-psychoactive L. (hemp) inflorescences. Starting from this material, PCs were obtained by microwave-assisted -esterification and hydrolysis, followed by preparative liquid chromatography under normal phase conditions. The purified product was characterized using high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with an evaporative light scattering detector (ELSD). cell-free and cell-based antioxidant and anti-inflammatory assays were then performed to assess their bioactivity. HPLC-ELSED analysis of the purified mixture from hemp wax revealed COH and COH as the main compounds. assays indicated an inhibition of intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, a reduction of nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) activation and of the activity of the neutrophil elastase. Immunoblotting assays allowed us to hypothesize the mechanism of action of the compounds of interest, given the higher levels of MAPK-activated protein kinase 2 (MK2) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) protein expression in the PC pretreated HaCaT cells. In conclusion, even if more research is needed to unveil other molecular mechanisms involved in hemp PC activity, the results of this work suggest that these compounds may have potential for use in oxinflammation processes.
聚二十碳五烯醇（PCs）是从不同天然蜡中提取的生物活性化合物。在本研究中，对来自创新来源的PCs进行了纯化、表征以及抗氧化和抗炎活性评估，该创新来源即从非精神活性大麻花序的超临界流体萃取（SFE）得到的蜡质材料。从这种材料出发，通过微波辅助酯交换和水解，然后在正相条件下进行制备液相色谱，获得了PCs。使用配备蒸发光散射检测器（ELSD）的高效液相色谱（HPLC）对纯化产物进行表征。然后进行了无细胞和基于细胞的抗氧化和抗炎试验，以评估其生物活性。对大麻蜡纯化混合物的HPLC - ELSED分析表明，COH和COH是主要化合物。试验表明其抑制细胞内活性氧（ROS）的产生，降低核因子κB（NF-κB）的活化以及中性粒细胞弹性蛋白酶的活性。免疫印迹试验使我们能够推测相关化合物的作用机制，因为在PC预处理的HaCaT细胞中，丝裂原活化蛋白激酶激活的蛋白激酶2（MK2）和血红素加氧酶-1（HO-1）蛋白表达水平更高。总之，尽管需要更多研究来揭示大麻PC活性中涉及的其他分子机制，但这项工作的结果表明，这些化合物可能具有用于氧化炎症过程的潜力。
