Varela José Luis, Nikouli Eleni, Medina Antonio, Papaspyrou Sokratis, Kormas Konstantinos
Department of Biology, University of Cádiz, Puerto Real, 11510, Cádiz, Spain.
Department of Ichthyology and Aquatic Environment, School of Agricultural Sciences, University of Thessaly, 384 46, Volos, Greece.
Int Microbiol. 2025 Jan;28(1):95-105. doi: 10.1007/s10123-024-00524-8. Epub 2024 May 13.
The gills and skin microbiota and microbiome of wild fish remain far more under-investigated compared to that of farmed fish species, despite that these animal-microbe interactions hold the same ecophysiological roles in both cases. In this study, the gills and skin bacterial microbiota profiles and their presumptive bacterial metabolisms were investigated in five open-sea fishes: bullet tuna (Auxis sp.), common dolphinfish (Coryphaena hippurus), Atlantic little tunny (Euthynnus alletteratus), Atlantic bonito (Sarda sarda) and Atlantic white marlin (Kajikia albida). Gills and skin tissues were collected from two to three individuals per species, from specimens caught by recreational trolling during summer of 2019, and their bacterial 16S rRNA gene diversity was analysed by high-throughput sequencing. The gills bacterial communities among the five species were clearly different but not the skin bacterial microbiota. The dominant operational taxonomic units belonged to the Moraxellaceae, Pseudomonadaceae, Rhodobacteraceae, Staphylococcaceae and Vibrionaceae families. Despite the differences in taxonomic composition, the presumptive bacterial metabolisms between the gills and skin of the five fishes investigated here were ≥ 94% similar and were dominated by basic metabolism, most likely reflecting the continuous exposure of these tissues in the surrounding seawater.
与养殖鱼类相比，野生鱼类的鳃和皮肤微生物群及微生物组的研究仍远远不足，尽管这些动物与微生物的相互作用在这两种情况下具有相同的生态生理作用。在本研究中，对五种远洋鱼类的鳃和皮肤细菌微生物群概况及其推测的细菌代谢进行了调查：扁舵鲣（Auxis sp.）、普通鲯鳅（Coryphaena hippurus）、大西洋小鳍金枪鱼（Euthynnus alletteratus）、大西洋鲣（Sarda sarda）和大西洋白马林鱼（Kajikia albida）。从每个物种的两到三个个体中采集鳃和皮肤组织，这些个体是在2019年夏季通过休闲拖钓捕获的标本，通过高通量测序分析其细菌16S rRNA基因多样性。这五个物种的鳃细菌群落明显不同，但皮肤细菌微生物群没有差异。主要的操作分类单元属于莫拉菌科、假单胞菌科、红杆菌科、葡萄球菌科和弧菌科。尽管分类组成存在差异，但这里研究的五种鱼类的鳃和皮肤之间推测的细菌代谢相似度≥94%，且以基本代谢为主，这很可能反映了这些组织持续暴露于周围海水中的情况。
