Department of Pediatrics, Liyang People's Hospital, Liyang, China.
Department of Nursing, Liyang People's Hospital, Liyang, China.
BMC Pediatr. 2024 May 13;24(1):329. doi: 10.1186/s12887-024-04821-z.
Febrile seizures (FS) are the most common seizure disorder in children and a common neurologic complication in children with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This study aimed to identify differences in clinical characteristics and disease burden between FS with and without COVID-19.
We conducted a retrospective analysis of medical data at our hospital from December 2019 to July 2023, focusing on hospitalized patients under the age of 14 diagnosed with FS who underwent COVID-19 polymerase chain reaction (PCR) testing. Descriptive statistics and analysis of variance were employed to compare the COVID-19 and non-COVID-19 groups in terms of clinical characteristics and disease burden.
A total of 514 patients were included, with 106 testing positive for COVID-19 and 408 testing negative. Patients with COVID-19 were older (34.87 ± 6.16 vs. 28.61 ± 11.35 months, P < 0.001) and had a higher proportion of males (79.2% vs. 62.3%, P = 0.001). The COVID-19 group had longer seizure durations (4.57 ± 4.38 vs. 3.22 ± 2.91 min, P = 0.006) and more complex FS (25.5% vs. 15.9%, P = 0.022). Laboratory tests showed lower lymphocyte counts in the COVID-19 group (1.87 ± 1.48 vs. 2.75 ± 1.51 × 103/µL, P < 0.001) and higher creatine kinase levels (158.49 ± 82.89 vs. 110.89 ± 56.11 U/L, P < 0.001). No significant differences were found in hospital costs, length of hospitalization, and intensive care unit admissions.
Clinicians should be knowledgeable about the distinct clinical characteristics of FS in children with COVID-19. Despite distinct features, the prognosis remains favorable and does not require excessive intervention. Ongoing monitoring and research are needed to fully understand the impact of COVID-19 on FS and optimize management strategies.
热性惊厥（FS）是儿童中最常见的癫痫发作疾病，也是儿童 2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）的常见神经系统并发症。本研究旨在确定伴有和不伴有 COVID-19 的 FS 之间的临床特征和疾病负担差异。
我们对我院 2019 年 12 月至 2023 年 7 月的医疗数据进行了回顾性分析，重点关注接受 COVID-19 聚合酶链反应（PCR）检测的年龄在 14 岁以下的住院 FS 患者。采用描述性统计和方差分析比较 COVID-19 组和非 COVID-19 组的临床特征和疾病负担。
共纳入 514 例患者，其中 106 例 COVID-19 检测阳性，408 例 COVID-19 检测阴性。COVID-19 组患者年龄较大（34.87±6.16 岁比 28.61±11.35 岁，P<0.001），男性比例较高（79.2%比 62.3%，P=0.001）。COVID-19 组的癫痫发作持续时间更长（4.57±4.38 分钟比 3.22±2.91 分钟，P=0.006），FS 更复杂（25.5%比 15.9%，P=0.022）。实验室检查显示 COVID-19 组淋巴细胞计数较低（1.87±1.48×103/µL 比 2.75±1.51×103/µL，P<0.001），肌酸激酶水平较高（158.49±82.89 U/L 比 110.89±56.11 U/L，P<0.001）。两组间住院费用、住院时间和入住重症监护病房无显著差异。
临床医生应了解 COVID-19 患儿 FS 的独特临床特征。尽管存在不同的特征，但预后仍良好，不需要过度干预。需要进一步监测和研究以充分了解 COVID-19 对 FS 的影响，并优化管理策略。
