Haglund B J
Scand J Soc Med. 1985;13(2):53-66. doi: 10.1177/140349488501300202.
This report on "high" blood pressure (HBP) and "borderline high" blood pressure (BHBP) is based on a cross-sectional study in a rural Swedish county. The study was initiated in the Spring of 1977, selecting 7986 individuals aged 25-75 years, in 5-year intervals, in the 16 municipalities of Skaraborg County. A combination of health examination and a survey using polling of the population by interview was used. The blood pressure values that are presented are based on a casual measurement taken after a 5-minute rest period. The limits of HBP and BHBP correspond to the Swedish standard limits. Only a few researchers in Sweden have focused on the correlation between socioeconomic factors and hypertension. Moreover, few examinations have been made internationally concerning the correlation between socioeconomic factors and borderline hypertension. There was a significant variation in mean values of high blood pressure when comparing socioeconomic groups and comparing occupations. These differences associated with educational level were more pronounced for women than for men. Workers, especially men and persons with less formal education, had the highest mean blood pressure. Significant differences between socioeconomic groups existed even after adjustment for age, sex, weight index, smoking and treatment of hypertension. The socioeconomic differences constitute the most plausible explanation of differences seen between municipalities. "Borderline high" blood pressure was more prevalent than "high" blood pressure. Socioeconomic differences were greater within the borderline high blood pressure group than in the high blood pressure group. i.e., the differences between workers and civil servants were somewhat greater in the borderline high blood pressure group. Since there are socioeconomic differences, it might be possible to concentrate preventive activities in local communities on risk groups.
这份关于“高血压”（HBP）和“临界高血压”（BHBP）的报告基于瑞典一个乡村县的横断面研究。该研究始于1977年春季，在斯卡纳堡县的16个市镇中，每隔5年选取7986名年龄在25至75岁之间的个体。采用了健康检查与通过访谈对人群进行调查相结合的方式。所呈现的血压值基于休息5分钟后的随机测量。HBP和BHBP的界限对应瑞典标准界限。瑞典只有少数研究人员关注社会经济因素与高血压之间的关联。此外，国际上很少有关于社会经济因素与临界高血压之间关联的研究。在比较社会经济群体和职业时，高血压平均值存在显著差异。与教育水平相关的这些差异在女性中比在男性中更为明显。工人，尤其是男性和受正规教育较少的人，平均血压最高。即使在对年龄、性别、体重指数、吸烟和高血压治疗进行调整后，社会经济群体之间仍存在显著差异。社会经济差异是各市政当局之间差异最合理的解释。“临界高血压”比“高血压”更为普遍。社会经济差异在临界高血压组中比在高血压组中更大。也就是说，在临界高血压组中，工人与公务员之间的差异略大。由于存在社会经济差异，有可能将地方社区的预防活动集中在风险群体上。
