Haglund B J
Scand J Soc Med. 1984;12(4):155-64. doi: 10.1177/140349488401200405.
The article is an account of physical activity at work and during leisure time in a Swedish rural county based on a cross-sectional study of a selection of 7986 individuals in the age range 25-75, at 5-year intervals. 70% of the men and 71% of the women participated in the study--carried out in the spring of 1977--comprising a health examination and a combined inquiry/interview poll. 50% of the men and 22% of the women perform either moderately heavy or heavy work, with little variation between age groups. 20% of the men and 8% of the women engage in regular physical exercise and hard training. 14% of the men and 15% of the women are inactive during their leisure hours. Physical activity at work and physical exercise habits vary in different municipalities. Thus in the rural districts, physical activity at work is greater than elsewhere. Any differences between municipalities disappeared after adjustment for age, sex and occupation. Greater physical activity at work is positively correlated to somatic disturbances, one being a high diastolic blood pressure. A high level of physical activity in leisure time is correlated to low total morbidity of somatic disorders and fewer mental disturbances--irrespective of age, sex, physical activity at work and socioeconomic group. An astonishing finding is that there is no correlation between physical activity during leisure time and at work. Nevertheless, there are differences between socioeconomic groups regarding physical activity during leisure hours. Civil servants are those characterized as most active.
本文基于对瑞典一个乡村地区7986名年龄在25至75岁之间的人群每隔5年进行一次的横断面研究，描述了该地区人们在工作和休闲时间的身体活动情况。1977年春季开展的这项研究，有70%的男性和71%的女性参与，研究内容包括健康检查以及综合询问/访谈调查。50%的男性和22%的女性从事中度繁重或繁重工作，各年龄组之间差异不大。20%的男性和8%的女性经常进行体育锻炼和高强度训练。14%的男性和15%的女性在休闲时间不活动。工作中的身体活动和体育锻炼习惯在不同市镇有所不同。因此，在农村地区，工作中的身体活动比其他地方更多。在对年龄、性别和职业进行调整后，市镇之间的任何差异都消失了。工作中身体活动较多与身体不适呈正相关，其中之一是舒张压高。休闲时间高水平的身体活动与躯体疾病总发病率低和精神障碍较少相关——无论年龄、性别、工作中的身体活动和社会经济群体如何。一个惊人的发现是，休闲时间和工作中的身体活动之间没有相关性。然而，社会经济群体在休闲时间的身体活动方面存在差异。公务员被认为是最活跃的群体。
