Budakian Raffi, Finkler Amit, Eichler Alexander, Poggio Martino, Degen Christian L, Tabatabaei Sahand, Lee Inhee, Hammel P Chris, Eugene S Polzik, Taminiau Tim H, Walsworth Ronald L, London Paz, Bleszynski Jayich Ania, Ajoy Ashok, Pillai Arjun, Wrachtrup Jörg, Jelezko Fedor, Bae Yujeong, Heinrich Andreas J, Ast Christian R, Bertet Patrice, Cappellaro Paola, Bonato Cristian, Altmann Yoann, Gauger Erik
Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada.
Institute for Quantum Computing, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Canada.
Nanotechnology. 2024 Jul 24;35(41). doi: 10.1088/1361-6528/ad4b23.
The field of nanoscale magnetic resonance imaging (NanoMRI) was started 30 years ago. It was motivated by the desire to image single molecules and molecular assemblies, such as proteins and virus particles, with near-atomic spatial resolution and on a length scale of 100 nm. Over the years, the NanoMRI field has also expanded to include the goal of useful high-resolution nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy of molecules under ambient conditions, including samples up to the micron-scale. The realization of these goals requires the development of spin detection techniques that are many orders of magnitude more sensitive than conventional NMR and MRI, capable of detecting and controlling nanoscale ensembles of spins. Over the years, a number of different technical approaches to NanoMRI have emerged, each possessing a distinct set of capabilities for basic and applied areas of science. The goal of this roadmap article is to report the current state of the art in NanoMRI technologies, outline the areas where they are poised to have impact, identify the challenges that lie ahead, and propose methods to meet these challenges. This roadmap also shows how developments in NanoMRI techniques can lead to breakthroughs in emerging quantum science and technology applications.
纳米级磁共振成像（NanoMRI）领域始于30年前。其动机是希望以接近原子的空间分辨率，在100纳米的长度尺度上对单个分子和分子聚集体（如蛋白质和病毒颗粒）进行成像。多年来，NanoMRI领域也不断扩展，将在环境条件下对分子进行有用的高分辨率核磁共振（NMR）光谱分析作为目标，包括对微米级样品的分析。要实现这些目标，需要开发比传统NMR和MRI灵敏许多个数量级的自旋检测技术，这些技术要能够检测和控制纳米级的自旋系综。多年来，出现了许多不同的NanoMRI技术方法，每种方法在基础科学和应用科学领域都有一套独特的能力。这篇路线图文章的目标是报告NanoMRI技术的当前技术水平，概述它们可能产生影响的领域，识别未来面临的挑战，并提出应对这些挑战的方法。该路线图还展示了NanoMRI技术的发展如何能够在新兴的量子科学和技术应用中带来突破。
