Kzar Wael Abdulazeez, Abbas Raghad Fadhil
Department of Periodontology, College of Dentistry, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq.
Eur J Dent. 2025 Feb;19(1):133-143. doi: 10.1055/s-0044-1785530. Epub 2024 May 14.
This investigation aims to investigate the association between HIF-1α genetic polymorphism and periodontitis and examine and contrast the levels of HIF-1α present in the saliva of subjects afflicted with periodontitis and in the control group. Additionally, this study aims to establish diagnostic proficiency of this biomarker in distinguishing between periodontal health and disease.
This study entailed the collection of venous blood samples and unstimulated saliva samples from a total of 160 participants, encompassing 80 individuals diagnosed with periodontitis and 80 periodontitis-free individuals. The periodontal parameters were evaluated, involving the measurement of clinical attachment loss, the probing pocket depth, and the bleeding on probing percentage. Subsequently, genetic analysis of HIF-1α using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique, DNA sequencing, and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays was conducted.
The genetic analysis of 352 bp of the HIF-1α gene revealed the presence of 66 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in control samples, whereas 78 SNPs were found in periodontitis sample. The nucleotide A was replaced with a C nucleotide at position 207 of the amplified PCR fragments. The homozygous AA pattern was predominant in the control group, with significant differences between the two groups. In contrast, the homozygous CC pattern was more dominant in the periodontitis group, with significant differences between the two groups. The analysis of Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium for the comparison between the observed and the expected genotypes showed significant differences between the observed and the expected values in the control and periodontitis groups, as well as the total sample. The highest mean values of the measured periodontal parameters were found in the periodontitis group (clinical attachment loss = 4.759, probing pocket depth = 4.050, and bleeding on probing = 30.950) with statistically significant differences between the groups. The periodontitis group showed significantly higher salivary HIF-1α levels compared to control group ( < 0.001). Besides, HIF-1α is a good biomarker in distinguishing between periodontal health and periodontitis.
rs1951795 SNP of HIF-1α has no significant impact on the progression of periodontitis and the salivary level HIF-1α. Periodontitis results in a notable elevation in HIF-1α salivary levels, with an outstanding diagnostic ability to distinguish between periodontitis and periodontal health.
本研究旨在探讨缺氧诱导因子-1α（HIF-1α）基因多态性与牙周炎之间的关联，并检测和对比牙周炎患者与对照组唾液中HIF-1α的水平。此外，本研究旨在确定该生物标志物在区分牙周健康与疾病方面的诊断效能。
本研究共收集了160名参与者的静脉血样本和非刺激性唾液样本，其中包括80名被诊断为牙周炎的个体和80名无牙周炎的个体。评估了牙周参数，包括临床附着丧失、探诊深度和探诊出血百分比的测量。随后，采用聚合酶链反应（PCR）技术、DNA测序和酶联免疫吸附测定法对HIF-1α进行基因分析。
对HIF-1α基因352bp的基因分析显示，对照组样本中存在66个单核苷酸多态性（SNP），而牙周炎样本中发现78个SNP。在扩增的PCR片段的第207位，核苷酸A被C核苷酸取代。纯合子AA模式在对照组中占主导地位，两组之间存在显著差异。相比之下，纯合子CC模式在牙周炎组中更为常见，两组之间存在显著差异。对观察到的基因型与预期基因型进行比较的哈迪-温伯格平衡分析显示，对照组、牙周炎组以及总样本中观察值与预期值之间均存在显著差异。在牙周炎组中测得的牙周参数平均值最高（临床附着丧失=4.759，探诊深度=4.050，探诊出血=30.950），两组之间存在统计学显著差异。与对照组相比，牙周炎组唾液中HIF-1α水平显著更高（<0.001）。此外，HIF-1α是区分牙周健康与牙周炎的良好生物标志物。
HIF-1α的rs1951795 SNP对牙周炎的进展和唾液中HIF-1α水平无显著影响。牙周炎导致唾液中HIF-1α水平显著升高，在区分牙周炎与牙周健康方面具有出色的诊断能力。
