Institut de Medicina Legal i Ciències Forenses de Catalunya. Departament de Justícia, Drets i Memòria, Barcelona, España.
Institut de Medicina Legal i Ciències Forenses de Catalunya. Departament de Justícia, Drets i Memòria, Barcelona, España.
Med Clin (Barc). 2024 Jul 12;163(1):e8-e14. doi: 10.1016/j.medcli.2024.04.001. Epub 2024 May 13.
Human trafficking or contemporary slavery is the recruitment and transfer of people by force or deception for sexual, labour or other types of exploitation. Although the violence, abuse and deprivation that trafficking entails are a threat to the health of its victims, in Spain the clinical or forensic data available in this regard is scarce. At the Institute of Legal Medicine and Forensic Sciences of Catalonia (IMLCFC), a unit specialized in the forensic assessment of these victims was created. The objective of this work was to describe a series of forensic cases of trafficking victims.
Retrospective study of victims in judicial cases opened for an alleged crime of human trafficking registered in the IMLCFC until 06/30/2023.
57 different victims were registered. The majority were women (71.9%). The average age was 30.5 years (s.d. 10.31). All the victims were foreigners, mostly from Latin America (45.5%). The exploitation was mainly sexual (61.4%). There were some sociodemographic differences and in the conditions and consequences of trafficking between victims of sexual exploitation and the rest. Mental health problems were very common in all victims at the time of the assessment (87.5%).
The consequences of trafficking on health, especially mental health, are notable and the forensic assessment of victims is valuable in judicial proceedings. It is necessary to deepen our knowledge of the phenomenon in our environment.
人口贩卖或当代奴隶制是指通过武力或欺骗手段招募和转移人员，以进行性剥削、劳动剥削或其他形式的剥削。尽管人口贩卖所涉及的暴力、虐待和剥夺是对受害者健康的威胁，但在西班牙，这方面的临床或法医数据却很少。在加泰罗尼亚法医研究所（IMLCFC），成立了一个专门负责法医评估这些受害者的单位。这项工作的目的是描述一系列人口贩卖受害者的法医案例。
对截至 2023 年 6 月 30 日在 IMLCFC 登记的涉嫌人口贩卖罪的司法案件中的受害者进行回顾性研究。
共登记了 57 名不同的受害者。大多数是女性（71.9%）。平均年龄为 30.5 岁（标准差 10.31）。所有受害者都是外国人，大多数来自拉丁美洲（45.5%）。剥削主要是性剥削（61.4%）。性剥削受害者与其他受害者在社会人口学差异以及被贩卖的条件和后果方面存在一些差异。在评估时，所有受害者都存在严重的心理健康问题（87.5%）。
人口贩卖对健康的影响，特别是心理健康的影响是显著的，对受害者进行法医评估在司法程序中具有价值。有必要深入了解我们环境中的这一现象。
