Centre for Environmental Studies, Anna University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, 625021, India.
Department of Environmental Studies, School of Energy Sciences, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, Tamil Nadu, 625021, India.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2024 May;31(24):34839-34858. doi: 10.1007/s11356-024-33610-5. Epub 2024 May 14.
The sustainable economy has shown a renewed interest in acquiring access to the resources required to promote innovative practices that favor recycling and the reuse of existing, unconsidered things over newly produced ones. The production of biohydrogen through dark anaerobic fermentation of organic wastes is one of the intriguing possibilities for replacing fossil-based fuels through the circular economy. At present, plant-derived waste from the agro-based industry is the main global concern. When these wastes are improperly disposed of in landfills, they become the habitat for several pathogens. Additionally, it contaminates surface water as a result of runoff, and the leachate that is created from the waste enters groundwater and degrades its quality. However, cellulose and hemicellulose-rich plant wastes from agriculture fields and agro-based industries have been employed as the most efficient feedstock since carbohydrates are the primary substrate for the synthesis of biohydrogen. To produce biohydrogen from plant-derived wastes on a large scale, it is necessary to explore comprehensive knowledge of lab-scale parameters and pretreatment strategies. This paper summarizes the problems associated with the improper management of plant-derived wastes and discusses the recent developments in dark fermentation and substrate pretreatment techniques with the goal of gaining significant insight into the biohydrogen production process. It also highlights the utilization of anaerobic digestate, which is left over after biohydrogen gas as feedstock for the development of value-added products such as volatile fatty acids (VFA), biochar, and biofertilizer.
可持续经济重新产生了获取资源的兴趣，这些资源是促进创新实践所必需的，这些创新实践有利于回收和再利用现有的、未被考虑的东西，而不是新生产的东西。通过循环经济，利用有机废物进行暗厌氧发酵生产生物氢是替代基于化石燃料的燃料的诱人选择之一。目前，来自农业产业的植物衍生废物是全球主要关注的问题。当这些废物被不当地丢弃在垃圾填埋场时，它们就成为了几种病原体的栖息地。此外，由于径流，它还会污染地表水，而废物产生的渗滤液会进入地下水并降低其质量。然而，富含纤维素和半纤维素的农业领域和农业产业的植物废物已被用作最有效的原料，因为碳水化合物是生物氢合成的主要基质。为了大规模从植物废物中生产生物氢，有必要探索实验室规模参数和预处理策略的综合知识。本文总结了植物衍生废物管理不当所带来的问题，并讨论了暗发酵和底物预处理技术的最新发展，以期深入了解生物氢生产过程。它还强调了利用厌氧消化物，这是生物氢气体作为原料后留下的剩余物，用于开发增值产品，如挥发性脂肪酸（VFA）、生物炭和生物肥料。
