Jha Amit, Kiragasur Rajendra Madegowda, Manohar Harshini, Kommu John Vijay Sagar
Adolescent Mental Health Unit, Mental Hospital, Lalitpur, Nepal.
Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neuro Sciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.
J Neurosci Rural Pract. 2024 Apr-Jun;15(2):334-340. doi: 10.25259/JNRP_23_2024. Epub 2024 Apr 16.
Depression is a leading cause of global disease burden and morbidity among adolescents. Studies have reported higher rates of depression and anxiety secondary to the COVID pandemic and the psychosocial impact of social distancing measures. There is a paucity of literature on the subjective experiences of depressed adolescents in such pandemic circumstances. The objective of this study was to explore the lived experiences of adolescents with major depressive disorder (MDD) during the COVID pandemic, and the impact of the pandemic, and pandemic-related circumstances on adolescents' mental health and coping.
In-depth interviews with eight adolescents diagnosed with MDD were analyzed using interpretative phenomenological analysis.
The analysis revealed three major themes; "The pandemic was arduous," "Negativity in family interactions," and "Effects on depression." Most adolescents coped using excessive screen time as a distraction, and their families perceived them as indolent.
The study found that adolescents' experience of depression during the pandemic was extremely overwhelming because, on the one hand, they had to deal with immediate COVID infection-related worries and were not able to adjust to the new routine, not able to concentrate during online classes while also dealing with greater interpersonal discord with their parents and limited social resources for coping. The findings expand the clinical understanding of adolescents' experience of depression during pandemic circumstances and would aid in better management planning.
抑郁症是全球疾病负担和青少年发病的主要原因。研究报告称，新冠疫情及社交距离措施带来的社会心理影响导致抑郁症和焦虑症的发病率更高。关于处于此类疫情环境中的抑郁青少年的主观体验，相关文献较少。本研究的目的是探讨新冠疫情期间重度抑郁症（MDD）青少年的生活经历，以及疫情及与疫情相关的情况对青少年心理健康和应对方式的影响。
对8名被诊断为MDD的青少年进行了深入访谈，并采用解释现象学分析方法进行分析。
分析揭示了三个主要主题：“疫情艰难”、“家庭互动中的消极情绪”和“对抑郁症的影响”。大多数青少年通过过度使用屏幕时间来分散注意力，而他们的家人则认为他们懒惰。
该研究发现，疫情期间青少年的抑郁体验极其沉重，因为一方面，他们不得不应对与新冠感染直接相关的担忧，无法适应新的日常安排，无法在网课期间集中注意力，同时还要应对与父母更大的人际不和以及有限的应对社会资源。这些发现扩展了对疫情期间青少年抑郁体验的临床理解，并将有助于更好地进行管理规划。
