Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Brody School of Medicine, East Carolina University, Greenville, North Carolina, USA.
Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia, USA.
Immunol Rev. 2024 Jul;324(1):95-103. doi: 10.1111/imr.13342. Epub 2024 May 15.
Fat is stored in distinct depots with unique features in both mice and humans and B cells reside in all adipose depots. We have shown that B cells modulate cardiometabolic disease through activities in two of these key adipose depots: visceral adipose tissue (VAT) and perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT). VAT refers to the adipose tissue surrounding organs, within the abdomen and thorax, and is comprised predominantly of white adipocytes. This depot has been implicated in mediating obesity-related dysmetabolism. PVAT refers to adipose tissue surrounding major arteries. It had long been thought to exist to provide protection and insulation for the vessel, yet recent work demonstrates an important role for PVAT in harboring immune cells, promoting their function and regulating the biology of the underlying vessel. The role of B-2 cells and adaptive immunity in adipose tissue biology has been nicely reviewed elsewhere. Given that, the predominance of B-1 cells in adipose tissue at homeostasis, and the emerging role of B-1 cells in a variety of disease states, we will focus this review on how B-1 cells function in VAT and PVAT depots to promote homeostasis and limit inflammation linked to cardiometabolic disease and factors that regulate this function.
脂肪储存在具有独特特征的不同部位，无论是在老鼠还是人类中，B 细胞都存在于所有脂肪组织中。我们已经表明，B 细胞通过两种关键脂肪组织（内脏脂肪组织（VAT）和血管周围脂肪组织（PVAT）中的活性来调节心脏代谢疾病。VAT 是指位于腹部和胸部器官周围的脂肪组织，主要由白色脂肪细胞组成。这个部位与肥胖相关的代谢紊乱有关。PVAT 是指主要动脉周围的脂肪组织。它长期以来被认为是为血管提供保护和绝缘的，但最近的研究表明，PVAT 在容纳免疫细胞、促进其功能和调节血管的生物学方面发挥着重要作用。B-2 细胞和适应性免疫在脂肪组织生物学中的作用已在其他地方进行了很好的综述。鉴于此，B-1 细胞在脂肪组织中的优势在稳态下，以及 B-1 细胞在多种疾病状态中的新兴作用，我们将重点关注 B-1 细胞在 VAT 和 PVAT 组织中的功能，以促进稳态并限制与心脏代谢疾病相关的炎症以及调节这种功能的因素。
