Roy Rupam, Stevens Kaden C, Treaster Kiana A, Sumerlin Brent S, McGaughey Alan J H, Malen Jonathan A, Evans Austin M
George and Josephine Butler Polymer Research Laboratory, Center for Macromolecular Science & Engineering, Department of Chemistry, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32611, USA.
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, 5000 Forbes Ave., Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15213, USA.
Mater Horiz. 2024 Jul 15;11(14):3267-3286. doi: 10.1039/d3mh01796f.
Here, we describe the design features that lead to intrinsically thermally conductive polymers. Though polymers are conventionally assumed to be thermal insulators (<0.3 W m K), significant efforts by the thermal transport community have shown that polymers can be intrinsically thermally conductive (>1.0 W m K). However, these findings have not yet driven comprehensive synthetic efforts to expose how different macromolecular features impact thermal conductivity. Preliminary theoretical and experimental investigations have revealed that high polymers can be realized by enhancing the alignment, crystallinity, and intermolecular interactions. While a holistic mechanistic framework does not yet exist for thermal transport in polymeric materials, contemporary literature suggests that phonon-like heat carriers may be operative in macromolecules that meet the abovementioned criteria. In this review, we offer a perspective on how high thermal conductivity polymers can be systematically engineered from this understanding. Reports for several classes of macromolecules, including linear polymers, network polymers, liquid-crystalline polymers, and two-dimensional polymers substantiate the design principles we propose. Throughout this work, we offer opportunities for continued fundamental and technological development of polymers with high thermal conductivity.
在此，我们描述了造就本征热传导聚合物的设计特征。尽管传统上认为聚合物是热绝缘体（<0.3 W m⁻¹ K⁻¹），但热传输领域的大量研究表明，聚合物可以是本征热传导的（>1.0 W m⁻¹ K⁻¹）。然而，这些发现尚未推动全面的合成研究，以揭示不同的大分子特征如何影响热导率。初步的理论和实验研究表明，通过增强排列、结晶度和分子间相互作用，可以实现高导热聚合物。虽然聚合物材料中的热传输尚未形成一个完整的机理框架，但当代文献表明，在满足上述标准的大分子中，类声子热载体可能起作用。在这篇综述中，我们从这一认识出发，就如何系统地设计高导热聚合物提供了一个观点。包括线性聚合物、网络聚合物、液晶聚合物和二维聚合物在内的几类大分子的相关报道证实了我们提出的设计原则。在整个工作中，我们为高导热聚合物的持续基础和技术发展提供了机会。
