UNC Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC.
University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC.
JCO Precis Oncol. 2024 May;8:e2300708. doi: 10.1200/PO.23.00708.
The increasing focus on precision medicine to optimize cancer treatments and improve cancer outcomes is an opportunity to consider equitable engagement of people racialized as Black or African American (B/AA) in biospecimen-based cancer research. B/AA people have the highest cancer incidence and mortality rates compared with all other racial and ethnic groups in the United States, yet are under-represented in biospecimen-based research. A narrative scoping review was conducted to understand the current literature on barriers, facilitators, and evidence-based strategies associated with the engagement of B/AA people with cancer in biospecimen research. Three comprehensive searches of MEDLINE, CINAHL, Embase, and Scopus were conducted. Of 770 studies generated by the search, 10 met all inclusion criteria for this review. The most frequently reported barriers to engagement of B/AA people in biospecimen research were lack of biospecimen research awareness, fear of medical harm, and violation of personal health information privacy, resource constraints, and medical mistrust. Key facilitators included previous exposure to research, knowledge about underlying genetic causes of cancer, and altruism. Recommended strategies to increase participation of B/AA people in biospecimen-based research included community engagement, transparent communication, workforce diversity, education and training, and research participant incentives. Inclusion of B/AA people in biospecimen-based research has the potential to advance the promise of precision oncology for all patients and reduce racial disparities in cancer outcomes.
越来越多的人关注精准医学，以优化癌症治疗效果并改善癌症预后，这是一个让人们考虑在以生物样本为基础的癌症研究中公平地让被归为黑人或非裔美国人（B/AA）的人参与进来的机会。与美国所有其他种族和族裔群体相比，B/AA 人群的癌症发病率和死亡率最高，但在以生物样本为基础的研究中代表性不足。我们进行了一项叙述性范围综述，以了解目前关于在以生物样本为基础的癌症研究中让 B/AA 人群参与进来的相关障碍、促进因素和循证策略的文献。我们对 MEDLINE、CINAHL、Embase 和 Scopus 进行了三次全面检索。在搜索中生成的 770 项研究中，有 10 项符合本综述的所有纳入标准。在以生物样本为基础的研究中，B/AA 人群参与度的最大障碍是缺乏生物样本研究意识、对医疗伤害的恐惧以及对个人健康信息隐私的侵犯、资源限制和医疗不信任。关键的促进因素包括以前接触过研究、对癌症潜在遗传原因的了解以及利他主义。增加 B/AA 人群参与以生物样本为基础的研究的建议策略包括社区参与、透明沟通、劳动力多样性、教育和培训以及研究参与者激励措施。让 B/AA 人群参与以生物样本为基础的研究有可能推进所有患者的精准肿瘤学的承诺，并减少癌症结果方面的种族差异。
