Mucoadhesive polymers are a new and exciting development in drug delivery systems that have the potential to significantly increase therapeutic efficacy. These polymers stick to mucosal surfaces, increasing the amount of time that medications stay at the site of absorption and improving their bioavailability. These mechanisms include longer contact times with the mucosal surface, better drug solubility, and defence against enzymatic degradation of pharmaceuticals. Mucoadhesive polymers also provide a number of benefits over traditional drug delivery methods, including less frequent dosage, better patient compliance, and fewer adverse effects. Due to their adaptability, Mucoadhesive polymers may be used in the rectal, vaginal, ophthalmic, nasal, and oral routes of drug delivery. Mucoadhesive polymers have advantages now, but they also have potential for the future of medication delivery. Mucoadhesion offers excellent possibilities for the delivery of a range of substances through the nasal, vaginal, buccal, and ocular routes of administration. Furthermore, mucoadhesion facilitates the achievement of an extended local or systemic pharmacological effect. In this study, we covered the mechanisms behind mucoadhesion, possible uses for Mucoadhesive polymers in drug administration, and techniques for assessing Mucoadhesive drug delivery systems. The goal of current research is to create innovative Mucoadhesive polymers that have better biodegradability, biocompatibility, and adhesive qualities. Moreover, it is anticipated that the effectiveness of Mucoadhesive polymers would be increased when combined with other cutting-edge drug delivery technologies, such as micro particles and nanoparticles.