Unit of Internal Medicine and Hepatology, Department of Medicine, University and Hospital of Padova, Padova, Italy.
Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Rajavithi Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand.
Lancet Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2024 Aug;9(8):745-757. doi: 10.1016/S2468-1253(24)00078-5. Epub 2024 May 13.
Cirrhosis is an immune dysfunction state, and as such, patients with cirrhosis are susceptible to bacterial, fungal, and viral infections. Because of infection, these patients have a propensity to develop multiorgan failure, which is associated with high mortality. Bacterial infections are the most prevalent type of infection in patients with cirrhosis, with the prevalence of bacterial infections in patients admitted for an acute decompensating event ranging from 24% to 29%. Together with invasive fungal infections, bacterial infections are the most severe. Multidrug-resistant organisms have been evolving at a rapid and alarming rate around the world, which presents enormous challenges. The development of effective measures for the prevention, early detection, and treatment of infections in patients with cirrhosis is challenging, given the rising incidence of infections in this patient population.
肝硬化是一种免疫功能紊乱状态，因此，肝硬化患者易发生细菌、真菌和病毒感染。由于感染，这些患者容易发生多器官衰竭，死亡率较高。细菌感染是肝硬化患者最常见的感染类型，急性失代偿事件入院患者的细菌感染患病率为 24%至 29%。细菌感染与侵袭性真菌感染一起，是最严重的感染。世界各地的多药耐药菌正在迅速而惊人地演变，这带来了巨大的挑战。鉴于此类患者人群中感染的发生率不断上升，开发预防、早期检测和治疗肝硬化患者感染的有效措施具有挑战性。
