Sikes Derek S, Thayer Margaret K, Newton Alfred F
University of Alaska Museum / Department of Biology and Wildlife, University of Alaska Fairbanks, 1962 Yukon Dr., Fairbanks, Alaska, USA University of Alaska Fairbanks Fairbanks United States of America.
Negaunee Integrative Research Center, Field Museum of Natural History, 1400 South DuSable Lake Shore Drive, Chicago, Illinois, USA Negaunee Integrative Research Center, Field Museum of Natural History Chicago United States of America.
Zookeys. 2024 May 8;1200:159-182. doi: 10.3897/zookeys.1200.122835. eCollection 2024.
Large carrion beetles (Silphidae) are the focus of ongoing behavioral ecology, forensic, ecological, conservation, evolutionary, systematic, and other research, and were recently reclassified as a subfamily of Staphylinidae. Twenty-three analyses in 21 publications spanning the years 1927-2023 that are relevant to the question of the evolutionary origin and taxonomic classification of Silphidae are reviewed. Most of these analyses (20) found Silphidae nested inside Staphylinidae (an average of 4.38 branches deep), two found Silphidae in an ambiguous position, and one found Silphidae outside Staphylinidae, as sister to Hydrophilidae. There is strong evidence supporting the hypothesis that large carrion beetles evolved from within Staphylinidae and good justification for their classification as the subfamily Silphinae of the megadiverse, and apparently now monophyletic, Staphylinidae. Considerable uncertainty remains regarding the interrelationships and monophyly of many staphylinid subfamilies. Nonetheless, the subfamily Tachyporinae was found to be the sister of Silphinae in more analyses (7) than any other subfamily.
大型食尸甲虫（埋葬虫科）是当前行为生态学、法医学、生态学、保护学、进化生物学、分类学及其他研究的重点对象，最近被重新归类为埋葬甲科的一个亚科。本文综述了1927年至2023年间21篇出版物中的23项分析，这些分析与埋葬虫科的进化起源和分类问题相关。其中大部分分析（20项）发现埋葬虫科嵌套在埋葬甲科内部（平均深度为4.38个分支），两项分析发现埋葬虫科处于模糊位置，一项分析发现埋葬虫科在埋葬甲科之外，为水龟虫科的姐妹群。有强有力的证据支持大型食尸甲虫从埋葬甲科内部进化而来这一假说，并且有充分理由将它们归类为种类繁多且显然现在为单系的埋葬甲科的Silphinae亚科。关于许多埋葬甲科亚科之间的相互关系和单系性，仍存在相当大的不确定性。尽管如此，在更多分析（7项）中，发现尖腹葬甲亚科是Silphinae亚科的姐妹群，比其他任何亚科都多。
