Pediatric Endocrinology Research Group, Girona Institute for Biomedical Research, Girona, Spain.
University School of Health and Sport, University of Girona, Girona, Spain.
Front Public Health. 2024 May 2;12:1337958. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2024.1337958. eCollection 2024.
High-molecular-weight adiponectin (HMW-adiponectin) is a cardio-metabolic health protector. Objectives: (1) to compare body mass index (BMI), cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and muscle strength (MS) in healthy school-children depending on their baseline salivary-HMW-adiponectin concentration; and (2) to apply a 3-month integrated neuromuscular training (INT) and evaluate its effects on salivary-HMW-adiponectin concentration, BMI, CRF and MS in the same children. Additional goal: to identify if any potential changes during the 3-month period may be related to a potential change in salivary-HMW-adiponectin concentration.
Ninety children (7.4 ± 0.3 years) were recruited in primary schools and randomly allocated into control or intervention group. The intervention consisted of a 3-month INT applied during physical education (PE) classes, twice-weekly, while the control group had traditional PE classes. Body mass and height were measured, BMI was calculated and HMW-adiponectin was quantified in saliva. To assess CRF and MS, 800 m-run and hand-dynamometry were applied, respectively. All measurements were performed twice, at baseline and after 3 months.
Children with higher baseline salivary-HMW-adiponectin have more favorable BMI ( = 0.006) and slightly higher CRF ( = 0.017) in comparison to the children with lower baseline salivary-HMW-adiponectin. There were no big changes after the 3-month-period neither in the control, nor the INT group. However, it is worthy to note that the INT induced slightly higher increase in salivary-HMW-adiponectin ( = 0.007), and a slightly higher improvement in BMI ( = 0.028), CRF ( = 0.043) and MS ( = 0.003), as compared to the traditional PE classes. Finally, the INT-induced improvement in CRF was associated with the increased post-salivary-HMW-adiponectin concentration ( = 0.022).
Main findings may suggest the potential utility of an INT as a cost-effective strategy that can be applied in schools to induce cardio-protective effects in school-children.
高分子量脂联素（HMW-脂联素）是一种与代谢相关的心血管健康保护因子。目的：（1）比较健康学龄儿童的基础唾液 HMW-脂联素浓度，评估其体重指数（BMI）、心肺功能（CRF）和肌肉力量（MS）；（2）应用 3 个月综合神经肌肉训练（INT），并评估其对同一儿童唾液 HMW-脂联素浓度、BMI、CRF 和 MS 的影响。额外目标：确定 3 个月期间的任何潜在变化是否与唾液 HMW-脂联素浓度的潜在变化有关。
90 名儿童（7.4±0.3 岁）在小学被招募并随机分配到对照组或干预组。干预组在体育课（PE）期间接受为期 3 个月的 INT，每周两次，而对照组则进行传统的 PE 课程。测量体重和身高，计算 BMI，并定量唾液中的 HMW-脂联素。为了评估 CRF 和 MS，分别进行 800 米跑和握力测试。所有测量均在基线和 3 个月后进行两次。
与基线唾液 HMW-脂联素较低的儿童相比，基线唾液 HMW-脂联素较高的儿童 BMI 更有利（=0.006），CRF 略高（=0.017）。3 个月后，对照组和 INT 组均未发生大的变化。然而，值得注意的是，与传统的 PE 课程相比，INT 稍能提高唾液 HMW-脂联素（=0.007），并稍能改善 BMI（=0.028）、CRF（=0.043）和 MS（=0.003）。最后，INT 诱导的 CRF 改善与唾液 HMW-脂联素浓度升高相关（=0.022）。
主要发现可能表明，INT 作为一种具有成本效益的策略具有潜在的应用价值，可以在学校中应用，以诱导学龄儿童的心血管保护作用。
