Chin Sian, Kitzing Yu Xuan, Quesada Juan, Lo Glen
Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, Western Australia, Australia.
Department of Radiology, Royal Prince Alfred Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
J Med Imaging Radiat Oncol. 2024 Jun;68(4):427-433. doi: 10.1111/1754-9485.13670. Epub 2024 May 17.
Endometriosis is a common but often underdiagnosed chronic gynaecological disease. Endometriosis mimics other diagnoses both clinically and radiographically, presenting a diagnostic challenge. Endometriosis can be categorised as superficial pelvic endometriosis, deep invasive endometriosis (DIE) or endometrioma. Endometrioma and DIE, including polypoid endometriosis, can masquerade as invasive neoplasms. Endometriosis can be misdiagnosed in less common locations or during pregnancy. Ultrasound is the initial investigation for endometriosis; however, MRI is advantageous in providing a larger field of view for increased detection of nodules as well as distinguishing malignancy with greater certainty. This review highlights endometriosis mimics, pitfalls and atypical cases on MRI.
子宫内膜异位症是一种常见但常被漏诊的慢性妇科疾病。子宫内膜异位症在临床和影像学上都与其他疾病相似，这带来了诊断挑战。子宫内膜异位症可分为浅表性盆腔子宫内膜异位症、深部浸润性子宫内膜异位症（DIE）或卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿。卵巢子宫内膜异位囊肿和DIE，包括息肉样子宫内膜异位症，可能会伪装成侵袭性肿瘤。子宫内膜异位症在不太常见的部位或怀孕期间可能会被误诊。超声是子宫内膜异位症的初步检查方法；然而，磁共振成像（MRI）在提供更大视野以增加结节检测以及更准确地区分恶性肿瘤方面具有优势。本综述重点介绍了MRI上的子宫内膜异位症模仿病变、陷阱和非典型病例。
