Department of Dental Public Health & Behavioral Sciences, University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Dentistry, Kansas City, USA.
University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Dentistry, Kansas City, USA.
J Dent Educ. 2024 Apr;88 Suppl 1:690-698. doi: 10.1002/jdd.13507.
The aim of this study was to provide a follow-up to the 2015 national survey of women in dental education to re-examine factors and perceived barriers to pursuing administrative and leadership roles. At the beginning of 2023, a survey was administered to full-time women faculty in predoctoral dental programs in the United States. The survey instrument employed a structured format along with open-ended questions to capture qualitative data. The overall response rate was 26% (527/1994) and included respondents from fifty-five of the sixty-seven dental schools contacted. Half of respondents indicated holding an administrative position and 20% reported administration as their primary appointment. There was a significant increase in the number of women holding a leadership role in 2023 (76%) compared to 2015 (53%). Those seeking a leadership position in 2023 were less likely to have participated in leadership training (p<0.01) and less likely to have previously sought an administrative position (p>0.01). Women in leadership and administrative roles were more likely to indicate receiving extra compensation for administrative duties (p<0.01) and a desire for higher rank (p = 0.04) compared to 2015, but perceptions persist among the majority of respondents (71%) that women are not being compensated equally to their male counterparts. Respondents highlighted the negative impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on career advancement and the positive culture changes that have contributed to greater workplace flexibility. Overall, respondents sent a resounding message that women in dental education need structural change to achieve success: pay equity, mentorship, and inclusive and supportive work environments.
本研究旨在对 2015 年全国牙科教育女性调查进行跟进，重新审视追求管理和领导角色的因素和感知障碍。2023 年初，对美国牙科学院前博士课程的全职女性教师进行了调查。调查工具采用结构化格式和开放式问题，以获取定性数据。总体回复率为 26%（527/1994），包括从联系的六十七所牙科学院中的五十五所的回复者。一半的受访者表示担任管理职务，20%的人表示管理是他们的主要职务。与 2015 年（53%）相比，2023 年担任领导角色的女性人数显著增加（76%）。2023 年寻求领导职位的人参加领导培训的可能性较小（p<0.01），并且以前寻求管理职位的可能性较小（p>0.01）。担任领导和管理职务的女性更有可能表示因管理职责而获得额外补偿（p<0.01），并且比 2015 年更希望获得更高的职级（p = 0.04），但大多数受访者（71%）仍然认为女性没有得到与男性同等的薪酬。受访者强调了 COVID-19 大流行对职业发展的负面影响，以及促成更大工作场所灵活性的积极文化变革。总体而言，受访者发出了强烈的信息，即牙科教育中的女性需要结构性变革才能取得成功：薪酬公平、指导和包容及支持性的工作环境。
