Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory, Cold Spring Harbor, NY 11724.
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 2024 Jun 4;121(23):e2400667121. doi: 10.1073/pnas.2400667121. Epub 2024 May 17.
In the mid-1950s, Arthur Kornberg elucidated the enzymatic synthesis of DNA by DNA polymerase, for which he was recognized with the 1959 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine. He then identified many of the proteins that cooperate with DNA polymerase to replicate duplex DNA of small bacteriophages. However, one major unanswered problem was understanding the mechanism and control of the initiation of chromosome replication in bacteria. In a seminal paper in 1981, Fuller, Kaguni, and Kornberg reported the development of a cell-free enzyme system that could replicate DNA that was dependent on the bacterial origin of DNA replication, . This advance opened the door to a flurry of discoveries and important papers that elucidated the process and control of initiation of chromosome replication in bacteria.
在 20 世纪 50 年代中期，阿瑟·科恩伯格阐明了 DNA 聚合酶的 DNA 酶促合成，为此他于 1959 年获得诺贝尔生理学或医学奖。随后，他鉴定了许多与 DNA 聚合酶合作复制小噬菌体双链 DNA 的蛋白质。然而，一个主要的未解决的问题是理解细菌中染色体复制起始的机制和控制。在 1981 年的一篇重要论文中，富勒、卡古尼和科恩伯格报告了开发一种能够复制依赖细菌 DNA 复制原点的 DNA 的无细胞酶系统。这一进展为一系列发现和重要论文打开了大门，这些论文阐明了细菌染色体复制起始的过程和控制。
