Macromolecular Machines Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK; email:
Chromosome Replication Laboratory, The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK; email:
Annu Rev Biochem. 2022 Jun 21;91:107-131. doi: 10.1146/annurev-biochem-072321-110228. Epub 2022 Mar 23.
DNA replication in eukaryotic cells initiates from large numbers of sites called replication origins. Initiation of replication from these origins must be tightly controlled to ensure the entire genome is precisely duplicated in each cell cycle. This is accomplished through the regulation of the first two steps in replication: loading and activation of the replicative DNA helicase. Here we describe what is known about the mechanism and regulation of these two reactions from a genetic, biochemical, and structural perspective, focusing on recent progress using proteins from budding yeast.
真核细胞中的 DNA 复制从大量称为复制起点的位点起始。必须严格控制这些起点的复制起始，以确保每个细胞周期中整个基因组都被精确复制。这是通过调节复制的前两个步骤来实现的：复制性 DNA 解旋酶的加载和激活。本文从遗传、生化和结构的角度描述了这两个反应的机制和调节，重点介绍了使用芽殖酵母蛋白取得的最新进展。
